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Chapter 22: Problem 67

Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions: (a) Hydrogen cyanide is formed commercially by passing a mixture of methane, ammonia, and air over a catalyst at \(800^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Water is a by-product of the reaction. (b) Baking soda reacts with acids to produce carbon dioxide gas. (c) When barium carbonate reacts in air with sulfur dioxide, barium sulfate and carbon dioxide form.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced equations for the given reactions are: a) \(2\mathrm{CH}_4 + 2\mathrm{NH}_3 + 3\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\mathrm{HCN} + 6\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}\) b) \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_3 + \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \mathrm{CO}_2\) c) \(\mathrm{BaCO}_3 + \mathrm{SO}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{BaSO}_4 + \mathrm{CO}_2\)

Step by step solution

01

Identify reactants and products

For the formation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), the reactants given are methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), and air (which mainly consists of O2). The products mentioned are hydrogen cyanide and water (H2O).
02

Write an unbalanced equation

Write down the unbalanced equation by placing the reactants on the left side and products on the right side of the equation: CH4 + NH3 + O2 -> HCN + H2O
03

Balance the equation

Balance the number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation: 2CH4 + 2NH3 + 3O2 -> 2HCN + 6H2O The balanced equation for the formation of hydrogen cyanide is: \(2\mathrm{CH}_4 + 2\mathrm{NH}_3 + 3\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\mathrm{HCN} + 6\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}\) b) Baking soda and acids producing carbon dioxide
04

Identify reactants and products

When baking soda (NaHCO3) reacts with an acid, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), the products formed are sodium chloride (NaCl), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2).
05

Write an unbalanced equation

Write the unbalanced equation: NaHCO3 + HCl -> NaCl + H2O + CO2
06

Balance the equation

This equation is already balanced with one mole of each substance: \( \mathrm{NaHCO}_3 + \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \mathrm{CO}_2\) c) Barium carbonate and sulfur dioxide reaction
07

Identify reactants and products

In this reaction, the reactants are barium carbonate (BaCO3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The products formed are barium sulfate (BaSO4) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
08

Write an unbalanced equation

Write the unbalanced equation: BaCO3 + SO2 -> BaSO4 + CO2
09

Balance the equation

This equation is also already balanced with one mole of each substance: \( \mathrm{BaCO}_3 + \mathrm{SO}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{BaSO}_4 + \mathrm{CO}_2\)

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