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Chapter 23: Problem 17

Which type of substance is attracted by a magnetic field, a diamagnetic substance or a paramagnetic substance?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Paramagnetic substances are attracted by a magnetic field due to the presence of unpaired electrons in their atomic or molecular structure. These unpaired electrons create a magnetic moment that aligns with the external magnetic field, resulting in a net magnetic field in the same direction. In contrast, diamagnetic substances are weakly repelled by a magnetic field.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Diamagnetic Substances

Diamagnetic substances are materials that have no unpaired electrons in their atomic or molecular structure. When an external magnetic field is applied to a diamagnetic substance, it creates a weak magnetic field that opposes the external magnetic field. As a result, diamagnetic substances are weakly repelled by a magnetic field.
02

Definition of Paramagnetic Substances

Paramagnetic substances are materials with unpaired electrons in their atomic or molecular structure, which creates a magnetic moment within the atoms or molecules. When an external magnetic field is applied, these magnetic moments align with the external magnetic field, creating a net magnetic field in the same direction as the external magnetic field. Consequently, paramagnetic substances are attracted by a magnetic field.
03

Determining Which Substance is Attracted by a Magnetic Field

Now that we know the properties of diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances, we can determine which substance is attracted by a magnetic field. Since diamagnetic substances are weakly repelled by a magnetic field and paramagnetic substances align their magnetic moments with the external magnetic field, resulting in a net magnetic field in the same direction, we can conclude that a paramagnetic substance is attracted by a magnetic field.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the formula for each of the following compounds, being sure to use brackets to indicate the coordination sphere: (a) hexaammineiron(II) nitrate (b) tetraaquadibromochromium(III) perchlorate (c) ammonium hexachloropalladate(IV) (d) diammineoxolatonickel(II) (e) Hexaamminemolybdenum(III) tetrachlorocuprate(II)

Among the period 4 transition metals \((\mathrm{Sc}-\mathrm{Zn}),\) which elements do not form ions where there are partially filled \(3 d\) orbitals?

For each of the following molecules or polyatomic ions, draw the Lewis structure and indicate if it can act as a monodentate ligand, a bidentate ligand, or is unlikely to act as a ligand at all: (a) ethylamine, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}\), (b) trimethylphosphine, \(\mathrm{P}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}\), (c) carbonate, \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) (d) ethane, \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\).

Determine if each of the following complexes exhibits geometric isomerism. If geometric isomers exist, determine how many there are. (a) tetrahedral $\left[\mathrm{Cd}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right],(\mathbf{b})$ square-pla- \(\operatorname{nar}\left[\operatorname{IrCl}_{2}\left(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\right)_{2}\right]^{-},(\mathbf{c})\) octahedral $\left[\mathrm{Fe}(o \text { -phen })_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right]^{+} .$

Carbon monoxide, CO, is an important ligand in coordination chemistry. When CO is reacted with nickel metal, the product is \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\right],\) which is a toxic, pale yellow liquid. (a) What is the oxidation number for nickel in this compound? (b) Given that \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\right]\) is a diamagnetic molecule with a tetrahedral geometry, what is the electron configuration of nickel in this compound? (c) Write the name for \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\right]\) using the nomenclature rules for coordination compounds.
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