What structural features help us identify a compound as (a) an alkane, \((\mathbf{b})\) a cycloalkane, \((\mathbf{c})\) an alkene, \((\mathbf{d})\) an alkyne, (e) a saturated hydrocarbon, (f) an aromatic hydrocarbon?

To identify the structural features of various hydrocarbons, consider the following: (a) Alkanes have only single bonds between carbon atoms and follow the general formula CnH2n+2, e.g., methane (CH4). (b) Cycloalkanes are ring-structured alkanes with the general formula CnH2n, e.g., cyclohexane (C6H12). (c) Alkenes contain a carbon-carbon double bond and follow the general formula CnH2n, e.g., ethene (C2H4). (d) Alkynes contain a carbon-carbon triple bond and follow the general formula CnH2n-2, e.g., ethyne (C2H2). (e) Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms, including alkanes and cycloalkanes, e.g., methane (CH4) and cyclohexane (C6H12). (f) Aromatic hydrocarbons possess a planar ring of carbon atoms with delocalized electrons, e.g., benzene (C6H6), which has alternating single and double bonds.