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Chapter 24: Problem 26

Give the general formula for any cyclic alkene, that is, a cyclic hydrocarbon with one double bond.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The general formula for any cyclic alkene with n carbon atoms is: \(C_nH_{2n-2}\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the basic structure of alkenes

A cyclic alkene is a hydrocarbon that consists of carbon atoms arranged in a closed ring and contains one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). The remaining carbon atoms in the ring are connected by single bonds (C-C).
02

Determine the number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule

In a cyclic alkene with n carbon atoms, each carbon atom will be connected to two other carbon atoms in the ring, except for the two carbon atoms connected with the double bond. Those two carbon atoms will be connected to only one hydrogen atom each. The remaining (n-2) carbon atoms will be connected to two hydrogen atoms each. Therefore, the total number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule will be 2(n-2) + 2 = 2n-2.
03

Write the general formula for cyclic alkenes

Combining the information from Steps 1 and 2, we find that the general formula for any cyclic alkene with n carbon atoms is: \(C_nH_{2n-2}\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Adenine and guanine are members of a class of molecules known as purines; they have two rings in their structure. Thymine and cytosine, on the other hand, are pyrimidines, and have only one ring in their structure. Predict which have larger dispersion forces in aqueous solution, the purines or the pyrimidines.

You are working in a biotechnology lab and are analyzing DNA. You obtain a sample of a short dodecamer of DNA that contains 12 base pairs. (a) What must the ratio of adenine to thymine be in your sample? (b) What must the ratio of cytosine to guanine be in your sample? (c) Assume the counterions present in your DNA solution are sodium ions. How many sodium ions must there be per dodecamer? Assume the \(5^{\prime}\) end phosphates each bear a-1 charge.

Give the name or condensed structural formula, as appropriate: a. (b) 2,2 -dimethylpentane (c) 4 -ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane (d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}$ (e) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\right) \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}$

Write the condensed structural formulas for two alkenes and one alkyne that all have the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{10}\).

(a) Give the empirical formula and structural formula for a cyclic ether containing four carbon atoms in the ring. (b) Write the structural formula for a straight-chain compound that is a structural isomer of your answer to part (a).
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