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Chapter 24: Problem 50

Draw the condensed structures of the compounds formed from (a) butanoic acid and methanol, (b) benzoic acid and 2 -propanol, \((\mathbf{c})\) propanoic acid and dimethylamine. Name the compound in each case.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) The condensed structure of the ester formed by butanoic acid and methanol is CH3CH2CH2COOCH3, and the IUPAC name is Methyl butanoate. (b) The condensed structure of the ester formed by benzoic acid and 2-propanol is C6H5COOCH(CH3)2, and the IUPAC name is Isopropyl benzoate. (c) The condensed structure of the amide formed by propanoic acid and dimethylamine is CH3CH2CON(CH3)2, and the IUPAC name is N,N-Dimethylpropanamide.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Butanoic acid and Methanol

To create the compound from butanoic acid and methanol, we will perform an esterification reaction. In this reaction, the carboxylic acid (butanoic acid) reacts with the alcohol (methanol) to form an ester and water. The reaction is as follows: Butanoic Acid + Methanol → Ester + Water The ester group (-O- group) will connect the butanoic acid and methanol. The condensed structure of the ester formed by this reaction is: CH3CH2CH2COOCH3 The IUPAC name of this compound is "Methyl butanoate" since the butanoic acid provides the "butanoate" part and the methanol provides the "methyl" part of the name.
02

(b) Benzoic acid and 2-propanol

In this case, we will consider an esterification reaction between benzoic acid and 2-propanol. The reaction can be represented as: Benzoic Acid + 2-Propanol → Ester + Water The ester group (-O- group) will connect the benzoic acid and 2-propanol. The condensed structure of the ester formed by this reaction is: C6H5COOCH(CH3)2 The IUPAC name of this compound is "Isopropyl benzoate" since the benzoic acid provides the "benzoate" part and the 2-propanol provides the "isopropyl" part of the name.
03

(c) Propanoic acid and dimethylamine

For this case, we will perform a reaction between the carboxylic acid (propanoic acid) and an amine (dimethylamine) to form an amide. The reaction can be represented as: Propanoic Acid + Dimethylamine → Amide + Water The amide group (-CONH- group) will connect the propanoic acid and dimethylamine. The condensed structure of the amide formed by this reaction is: CH3CH2CON(CH3)2 The IUPAC name of this compound is "N,N-Dimethylpropanamide" since the propanoic acid provides the "propanamide" part and the dimethylamine provides the two "methyl" groups bonded to the nitrogen atom.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Is 2-butanol chiral?

Describe the intermediate that is thought to form in the addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene, using cyclohexene as the alkene in your description.

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. (a) Alkanes do not contain any carbon-carbon multiple bonds. (b) Cyclobutane contains a four-membered ring. (c) Alkenes contain carbon-carbon triple bonds. (d) Alkynes contain carbon-carbon double bonds. (e) Pentane is a saturated hydrocarbon but 1 -pentene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. (f) Cyclohexane is an aromatic hydrocarbon. (g) The methyl group contains one less hydrogen atom than methane.

The IUPAC name for a carboxylic acid is based on the name of the hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atoms. The ending -oic is appended, as in ethanoic acid, which is the IUPAC name for acetic acid. Draw the structure of the following acids: (a) methanoic acid, \((\mathbf{b})\) pentanoic acid, \((\mathbf{c}) 2\) -chloro-3-methyldecanoic acid.

What is the octane number of a mixture that is \(35 \%\) heptane and \(65 \%\) isooctane?
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