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Chapter 4: Problem 24

Identify the precipitate (if any) that forms when the following solutions are mixed, and write a balanced equation for each reaction. (a) $\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{I}\( and \)\mathrm{CuCl}_{2},\( (b) LiOH and \)\mathrm{MnCl}_{2}$, (c) \(\mathrm{K}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) and \(\mathrm{CoSO}_{4}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Precipitate: CuI; Balanced equation: \[ 2 NH_4I + CuCl_2 \rightarrow 2 NH_4Cl + CuI \] (b) Precipitate: Mn(OH)2; Balanced equation: \[ 2 LiOH + MnCl_2 \rightarrow 2 LiCl + Mn(OH)_2 \] (c) Precipitate: Co3(PO4)2; Balanced equation: \[ 2 K_3PO_4 + 3 CoSO_4 \rightarrow 6 K_2SO_4 + Co_3(PO_4)_2 \]

Step by step solution

01

(a) Identify the ions in the first pair of solutions

The ions in the first solutions are NH4+ (ammonium) and I- (iodide) from NH4I, and Cu2+ (copper) and Cl- (chloride) from CuCl2.
02

(a) Predict the products of possible precipitation reactions

The possible products of the reaction are: 1. NH4Cl (formed from NH4+ and Cl- ions) 2. CuI (formed from Cu2+ and I- ions)
03

(a) Determine the solubility of the predicted products

Using solubility rules: 1. NH4Cl is soluble because it contains ammonium (NH4+). 2. CuI is moderately soluble, meaning it could still form a precipitate in some conditions. After considering solubility, CuI is the potential precipitate.
04

(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is: \[2 NH_4I + CuCl_2 \rightarrow 2 NH_4Cl + CuI\]
05

(b) Identify the ions in the second pair of solutions

The ions in the second solutions are Li+ (lithium) and OH- (hydroxide) from LiOH, and Mn2+ (manganese) and Cl- (chloride) from MnCl2.
06

(b) Predict the products of possible precipitation reactions

The possible products of the reaction are: 1. LiCl (formed from Li+ and Cl- ions) 2. Mn(OH)2 (formed from Mn2+ and OH- ions)
07

(b) Determine the solubility of the predicted products

Using solubility rules: 1. LiCl is soluble because it contains a Group 1 element (Li). 2. Mn(OH)2 is insoluble because it is a hydroxide salt. After considering solubility, Mn(OH)2 is the precipitate.
08

(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is: \[2 LiOH + MnCl_2 \rightarrow 2 LiCl + Mn(OH)_2\]
09

(c) Identify the ions in the third pair of solutions

The ions in the third solutions are K+ (potassium) and PO4^3- (phosphate) from K3PO4, and Co2+ (cobalt) and SO4^2- (sulfate) from CoSO4.
10

(c) Predict the products of possible precipitation reactions

The possible products of the reaction are: 1. K2SO4 (formed from K+ and SO4^2- ions) 2. Co3(PO4)2 (formed from Co2+ and PO4^3- ions)
11

(c) Determine the solubility of the predicted products

Using solubility rules: 1. K2SO4 is soluble because it contains a Group 1 element (K). 2. Co3(PO4)2 is insoluble because it is a phosphate salt. After considering solubility, Co3(PO4)2 is the precipitate.
12

(c) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is: \[2 K_3PO_4 + 3 CoSO_4 \rightarrow 6 K_2SO_4 + Co_3(PO_4)_2\]

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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