Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 4: Problem 29

You know that an unlabeled bottle contains an aqueous solution of one of the following: \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}, \mathrm{CaCl}_{2},\) or \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3} . \mathrm{A}\) friend suggests that you test a portion of the solution with \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) and then with NaCl solutions. According to your friend's logic, which of these chemical reactions could occur, thus helping you identify the solution in the bottle? (a) Barium sulfate could precipitate. (b) Silver chloride could precipitate. (c) Silver sulfate could precipitate. (d) More than one, but not all, of the reactions described in answers a-c could occur. (e) All three reactions described in answers a-c could occur.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(d) More than one, but not all, of the reactions described in answers a-c could occur. The possible precipitates include Barium sulfate, indicating the presence of \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\) in the unknown solution, and Silver chloride, indicating the presence of \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) in the unknown solution.

Step by step solution

01

Analyze the first reaction with Ba(NO3)2

First, we will analyze the possible reactions of the unknown solution with \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) solution. Let's examine the first possible reaction: If \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) is present, the reaction with \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) occurs as follows: \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(aq) + \mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(aq) → \mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(aq) + \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{NO}_{3})_{2}(aq)\) No precipitate forms in this reaction.
02

Analyze the second reaction with Ba(NO3)2

If \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) is present, the reaction with \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) occurs as follows: \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}(aq) + \mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(aq) → \mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(aq) + \mathrm{BaCl}_{2}(aq)\) No precipitate forms in this reaction as well.
03

Analyze the third reaction with Ba(NO3)2

Finally, if \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\) is present, the reaction with \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) occurs as follows: \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}(aq) + 3\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(aq) → 3\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}(s) + 2\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{NO}_{3})_{3}(aq)\) Here, we have precipitation reaction forming a solid, Barium sulfate: \[\mathrm{3BaSO}_{4}(s)\] So after testing with \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\), if a precipitate forms, we know that the mystery solution contains \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\).
04

Analyze the reaction with NaCl

Now, let's analyze the possible reactions of the unknown solution with NaCl solution. If \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) is present, the reaction with NaCl occurs as follows: \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(aq) + \mathrm{NaCl}(aq) → \mathrm{AgCl}(s) + \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(aq)\) Here, a precipitate of Silver chloride: \[\mathrm{AgCl}(s)\] forms. If the other two samples are tested, no precipitate will form. So if a precipitate forms after the reaction with NaCl, it means the mystery solution contains \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\).
05

Determine the correct answer

From the analysis, we can conclude that: - Barium sulfate could precipitate, which indicates the presence of \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\) in the unknown solution. - Silver chloride could precipitate, which indicates the presence of \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) in the unknown solution. Thus, the correct answer is: (d) More than one, but not all, of the reactions described in answers a-c could occur.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

A medical lab is testing a new anticancer drug on cancer cells. The drug stock solution concentration is \(1.5 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{M},\) and $1.00 \mathrm{~mL}\( of this solution will be delivered to a dish containing \)2.0 \times 10^{5}\( cancer cells in \)5.00 \mathrm{~mL}$ of aqueous fluid. What is the ratio of drug molecules to the number of cancer cells in the dish?

Copper exists in the form of \(\mathrm{CuFeS}_{2}\) in copper ore. Copper is isolated in a two-step process. First, CuFeS \(_{2}\) is heated with \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) in the presence of oxygen to form copper(I) sulfide, $\mathrm{CuS:} 2 \mathrm{CuFeS}_{2}+2 \mathrm{SiO}_{2}(s)+4 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S}(s)+$ \(2 \mathrm{FeSiO}_{3}(s)+3 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g) . \mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S}\) is then heated with oxygen to form copper and \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)\). (a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the second reaction. (b) Which atoms from which compounds are being oxidized, and which atoms from which compounds are being reduced? (c) How many grams of copper would be isolated from \(85.36 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{CuFeS}_{2}\) in copper ore?

Calicheamicin gamma-1, $\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{ss}} \mathrm{H}_{74} \mathrm{IN}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{21} \mathrm{~S}_{4},$ is one of the most potent antibiotics known: one molecule kills one bacterial cell. Describe how you would (carefully!) prepare \(25.00 \mathrm{~mL}\) of an aqueous calicheamicin gamma- 1 solution that could kill \(1.0 \times 10^{8}\) bacteria, starting from a \(5.00 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{M}\) stock solution of the antibiotic.

Identify the precipitate (if any) that forms when the following solutions are mixed, and write a balanced equation for each reaction. (a) $\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{I}\( and \)\mathrm{CuCl}_{2},\( (b) LiOH and \)\mathrm{MnCl}_{2}$, (c) \(\mathrm{K}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) and \(\mathrm{CoSO}_{4}\)

State whether each of the following statements is true or false. Justify your answer in each case. (a) When acetone, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COCH}_{3}\), is dissolved in water, a conducting solution results. (b) When ammonium nitrate, \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}\), dissolves in water, the solution is weakly conducting and basic in nature.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free