Antacids are often used to relieve pain and promote healing in the treatment of mild ulcers. Write balanced net ionic equations for the reactions between the aqueous \(\mathrm{HCl}\) in the stomach and each of the following substances used in various antacids: (a) $\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s),(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(s),(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{MgCO}_{3}(s),$ (d) \(\mathrm{NaAl}\left(\mathrm{CO}_{3}\right)(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(s)\) (e) \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}(s)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Al(OH)3(s) + 3H+(aq) → 3H2O(l) (b) Mg(OH)2(s) + 2H+(aq) → 2H2O(l) (c) CO3^2-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g) (d) CO3^2-(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + 6H+(aq) → 2H2O(l) + 3CO2(g) + Na+(aq) (e) CO3^2-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Step by step solution

01

(a) Reaction between HCl and Al(OH)3

First, we will write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction between Al(OH)3 and HCl: Al(OH)3(s) + 3HCl(aq) → AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O(l) To write the net ionic equation, let's break down the molecular equation into its ionic components: Al(OH)3(s) → Al^3+ (aq) + 3OH- (aq) 3HCl(aq) → 3H+ (aq) + 3Cl- (aq) AlCl3(aq) → Al^3+ (aq) + 3Cl- (aq) Since Al^3+(aq) and 3Cl-(aq) are the same on both sides of the equation, they are called spectator ions and can be eliminated from the net ionic equation. The net ionic equation for this reaction will be: Al(OH)3(s) + 3H+ (aq) → 3H2O(l)
02

(b) Reaction between HCl and Mg(OH)2

First, we will write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction between Mg(OH)2 and HCl: Mg(OH)2(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) Now, let's break down the molecular equation into its ionic components: Mg(OH)2(s) → Mg^2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) 2HCl(aq) → 2H+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) MgCl2(aq) → Mg^2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) The spectator ions in this case are Mg^2+(aq) and 2Cl-(aq). The net ionic equation for this reaction will be: Mg(OH)2(s) + 2H+ (aq) → 2H2O(l)
03

(c) Reaction between HCl and MgCO3

First, we will write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction between MgCO3 and HCl: MgCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Now, let's break down the molecular equation into its ionic components: MgCO3(s) → Mg^2+ (aq) + CO3^2- (aq) 2HCl(aq) → 2H+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) MgCl2(aq) → Mg^2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) The spectator ions in this case are Mg^2+(aq) and 2Cl-(aq). The net ionic equation for this reaction will be: CO3^2- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)
04

(d) Reaction between HCl and NaAl(CO3)(OH)2

First, we will write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction between NaAl(CO3)(OH)2 and HCl: NaAl(CO3)(OH)2(s) + 6HCl(aq) → AlCl3(aq) + NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) + 3CO2(g) Now, let's break down the molecular equation into its ionic components: NaAl(CO3)(OH)2(s) → Na+ (aq) + Al^3+ (aq) + CO3^2- (aq) + 2OH- (aq) 6HCl(aq) → 6H+ (aq) + 6Cl- (aq) AlCl3(aq) → Al^3+ (aq) + 3Cl- (aq) NaCl(aq) → Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) The spectator ions in this case are Al^3+(aq) and Cl-(aq). The net ionic equation for this reaction will be: CO3^2- (aq) + 2OH- (aq) + 6H+ (aq) → 2H2O(l) + 3CO2(g) + Na+ (aq)
05

(e) Reaction between HCl and CaCO3

First, we will write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction between CaCO3 and HCl: CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Now, let's break down the molecular equation into its ionic components: CaCO3(s) → Ca^2+ (aq) + CO3^2- (aq) 2HCl(aq) → 2H+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) CaCl2(aq) → Ca^2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq) The spectator ions in this case are Ca^2+(aq) and 2Cl-(aq). The net ionic equation for this reaction will be: CO3^2- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)

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