Write the Lewis symbol for atoms of each of the following elements: $(\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{Te},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{Si},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{Kr},(\mathbf{d}) {\mathrm{P}}$.

First, we need to find the electron configurations of each of the given elements using the periodic table.

We will determine the valence electrons for each element based on its electron configuration. Valence electrons are the electrons in an atom's outermost shell.

A Lewis symbol is a representation of the element symbol surrounded by dots representing the valence electrons. Now, we will draw the Lewis symbols for each of the elements. For element (a) \(\mathrm{Te}\) (Tellurium): Tellurium is in Group 16, Period 5 of the periodic table, so it has an electron configuration of [Kr]5s²4d¹⁰5p⁴. Valence electrons: 5s²5p⁴ = 6 Lewis Symbol: \(\cdot\!\!\!\;\stackrel{\big\circ}{Te}\!\!\!\cdot\!\!\!\, \;/\!/ \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\! \cdot \) For element (b) \(\mathrm{Si}\) (Silicon): Silicon is in Group 14, Period 3 of the periodic table, so it has an electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p². Valence electrons: 3s²3p² = 4 Lewis Symbol: \(\;/\!/ \;\stackrel{\big\circ}{Si}\;/ \!/ \) For element (c) \(\mathrm{Kr}\) (Krypton): Krypton is in Group 18, Period 4 of the periodic table, so it has an electron configuration of [Ar]4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶. Valence electrons: 4s²4p⁶ = 8 Lewis Symbol: \(\cdot\!\!\!\;\stackrel{\big\circ}{Kr}\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\! \cdot\! \!/ \!/ \!/ \!/ \!/ \!/ \!/ \!/ \) For element (d) \(\mathrm{P}\) (Phosphorus): Phosphorus is in Group 15, Period 3 of the periodic table, so it has an electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p³. Valence electrons: 3s²3p³ = 5 Lewis Symbol: \(\;\stackrel{\big\circ}{P}\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\! \cdot\!-\!\!\!\;\!\!\!\!/\"/>\!\!\!\!/ \)