By referring only to the periodic table, select (a) the most electronegative element in group \(13 ;(\mathbf{b})\) the least electronegative element in the group As, Se and Br; (c) the most electronegative element in the group \(\mathrm{K}, \mathrm{Mg}, \mathrm{Al}\) and \(\mathrm{In} ;(\mathbf{d})\) the element in the group \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Be}, \mathrm{Si}\), Ar, that is most likely to form an ionic compound with \(\mathrm{Br}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer is: (a) the most electronegative element in group 13 is B (Boron); (b) the least electronegative element in the group As, Se, and Br is As (Arsenic); (c) the most electronegative element in the group K, Mg, Al, and In is Al (Aluminum); (d) the element in the group Na, Be, Si, Ar that is most likely to form an ionic compound with Br is Na (Sodium).

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the most electronegative element in group 13.

To find the most electronegative element in group 13, we need to look at the members of group 13 which are B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl. Since electronegativity decreases as we go down in a group, the most electronegative element in group 13 is B (Boron).
02

Identifying the least electronegative element in the group As, Se, and Br.

To find the least electronegative element in this group, we need to compare the electronegativities of As, Se, and Br. As and Se are in the same period, while Br is in the next period below them. Because electronegativity decreases as we move down in a group, Br will be more electronegative than As and Se. Comparing As and Se, As is to the left of Se, and since electronegativity increases as we move from left to right in a period, As will be less electronegative than Se. Thus, the least electronegative element is As (Arsenic).
03

Identifying the most electronegative element in the group K, Mg, Al, and In.

To find the most electronegative element in this group, we need to look at their positions on the periodic table: - K is in group 1 and period 4. - Mg is in group 2 and period 3. - Al is in group 13 and period 3. - In is in group 13 and period 5. Since electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and decreases from top to bottom within a group, Al is the most electronegative element in the given group.
04

Identifying the element in the group Na, Be, Si, Ar that is most likely to form an ionic compound with Br.

To find the element that is most likely to form an ionic compound with Br, we need to identify the element with the highest difference in electronegativity since ionic compounds are formed between elements with large electronegativity differences. The elements given are: - Na is in group 1 and period 3. - Be is in group 2 and period 2. - Si is in group 14 and period 3. - Ar is in group 18 and period 3. Since Br is in group 17 and period 4, the electronegativity difference between Na and Br is the highest among the given elements. Therefore, Na (Sodium) is most likely to form an ionic compound with Br.

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