Draw sketches illustrating the overlap between the following orbitals on two atoms: (a) the \(2 s\) orbital on each atom, (b) the \(2 p_{z}\) orbital on each atom (assume both atoms are on the \(z\) -axis), \((\mathbf{c})\) the 2 s orbital on one atom and the \(2 p_{2}\) orbital on the other atom.

Short Answer

Expert verified
In short, to illustrate the overlap between the orbitals on two atoms, you need to create three sketches: 1. For the overlap between 2s orbitals on each atom, draw two spherical orbitals around the nuclei and shade the overlapping area to represent the bonding region. 2. For the overlap between 2p_z orbitals on each atom, draw two dumbbell-shaped orbitals extending along the z-axis around the nuclei and shade the overlapping area to represent the bonding region. 3. For the overlap between 2s orbital on one atom and 2p_x orbital on the other atom, draw a spherical orbital around one nucleus and a dumbbell-shaped orbital extending along the x-axis around the other nucleus, then shade the overlapping area to represent the bonding region.

Step by step solution

01

Drawing 2s orbitals on each atom

2s orbitals are spherical in shape. To represent the overlap between the 2s orbitals on two different atoms, follow these steps: 1. Draw two circles to represent the nuclei of the two atoms. 2. Draw a spherical orbital (2s) around each nucleus. 3. Show the overlapping area filled with shading, which represents the bonding region between the two orbitals.
02

Drawing 2p_z orbitals on each atom

2p_z orbitals have a dumbbell shape, with the two lobes along the z-axis. To represent the overlap between the 2p_z orbitals on two different atoms, follow these steps: 1. Draw two circles to represent the nuclei of the two atoms, arranged along the z-axis. 2. Draw a 2p_z orbital around each nucleus, with the two lobes extending along the z-axis. 3. Show the overlapping area filled with shading, which represents the bonding region between the two orbitals.
03

Drawing 2s orbital on one atom and 2p_2 orbital on the other atom

In this scenario, we need to represent the overlap between the 2s orbital on one atom and the 2p_2 orbital on another atom. The 2p_2 orbital is a typo and should be corrected as 2p_x, 2p_y, or 2p_z orbital; for simplicity, let's assume it is the 2p_x orbital. To represent the overlap, follow these steps: 1. Draw two circles to represent the nuclei of the two atoms. 2. Draw a spherical orbital (2s) around one nucleus and a 2p_x orbital (with the two lobes extending along the x-axis) around the other nucleus. 3. Show the overlapping area filled with shading, which represents the bonding region between the two orbitals. Now you should have three sketches showing the overlap between the specified orbitals on the two atoms.

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