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Chapter 1: Problem 22

Which substance would have the highest boiling point? (A) Ethanol, because it is the most asymmetrical (B) Acetone, because of the double bond (C) Ethylene glycol, because it has the most hydrogen bonding (D) All three substances would have very similar boiling points because their molar masses are similar.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The substance with the highest boiling point would be (C) Ethylene glycol, because it has the most hydrogen bonding.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the type of intermolecular forces in each substance

1. Ethanol has hydrogen bonding due to the -OH group. 2. Acetone has dipole-dipole interactions due to the presence of a polar carbonyl group (C=O). It doesn't have hydrogen bonding because there are no hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atoms. 3. Ethylene glycol also has hydrogen bonding due to its two -OH groups.
02

Compare the strength of the intermolecular forces

Hydrogen bonding is generally stronger than dipole-dipole interactions and much stronger than London dispersion forces. Therefore, substances having hydrogen bonding tend to have higher boiling points.
03

Make a conclusion

Ethylene glycol would have the highest boiling point because it has the most hydrogen bonding. Additional hydrogen bonding gives higher boiling points because more energy is required to break these bonds.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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