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Chapter 1: Problem 52

Starting with a stock solution of 18.0 \(\mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) , what is the proper procedure to create a 1.00 \(\mathrm{L}\) sample of a 3.0 \(\mathrm{M}\) solution of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) in a volumetric flask? (A) Add 167 mL of the stock solution to the flask, then fill the flask the rest of the way with distilled water while swirling the solution. (B) Add 600 mL of the stock solution to the flask, then fill the flask the rest of the way with distilled water while swirling the solution. (C) Fill the flask partway with water, then add 167 mL of the stock solution, swirling to mix it. Last, fill the flask the rest of the way with distilled water. (D) Fill the flask partway with water, then add 600 mL of the stock solution, swirling to mix it. Last, fill the flask the rest of the way with distilled water.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The proper procedure to create a 1.00 L sample of a 3.0 M solution of H2SO4 from an 18.0 M stock solution is: fill the flask partway with water, then add 167 mL of the stock solution, swirling to mix it. Last, fill the flask the rest of the way with distilled water.

Step by step solution

01

Identify known quantities

In this problem, we know the molarity of the stock solution \(M1 = 18.0 M\), the desired molarity of the diluted solution \(M2 = 3.0 M\), and the desired volume of the diluted solution \(V2 = 1.00 L\).
02

Calculate the required volume of stock solution

Use the molarity equation \(M1 * V1 = M2 * V2\). Substitute the known values and solve for \(V1\), which is unknown. Rearranging the formula, we get \(V1 = (M2 * V2) / M1 = (3.0 M * 1.00 L) / 18.0 M = 0.167 L\). For practical purposes, convert this volume to milliliters by multiplying by 1000 to get 167 mL. This is the volume of stock solution required.
03

Match the calculated volume with the possible procedure

The calculated volume of stock solution, 167 mL, matches with procedure (A) and (C). The difference between (A) and (C) is the order of adding water and stock solution. According to the best practices of lab safety and accuracy, it's safer to add the concentrated solution (acid in this case) to water to minimize any exothermic reaction that can occur upon mixing. Therefore, (C) should be the correct procedure.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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