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Chapter 1: Problem 9

$$\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{I}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HI}(g)$$ When the reaction given above takes place in a sealed isothermal container, the rate law is $$\text { Rate }=k\left[\mathrm{H}_{2}\right]\left[\mathrm{I}_{2}\right]$$ If a mole of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) gas is added to the reaction chamber and the temperature remains constant, which of the following will be true? (A) The rate of reaction and the rate constant will increase. (B) The rate of reaction and the rate constant will not change. (C) The rate of reaction will increase and the rate constant will decrease. (D) The rate of reaction will increase and the rate constant will not change.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is (D). The rate of reaction will increase due to the addition of a mole of H2, and the rate constant will not change.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the rate law equation

The rate law equation for the reaction: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{I}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HI}(g)\) is given as Rate = k [H2] [I2]. This represents the rate of the chemical reaction as being proportional to the product of the concentration of Hydrogen gas [H2] and Iodine gas [I2]. The rate constant (k) is a proportionality constant that depends on factors like the temperature and catalysts, but not the concentration of reactants. So, when the concentration of a reactant is increased, the rate of the reaction increases, but the rate constant remains unchanged.
02

Interpret the effect of adding a mole of H2

In our case, a mole of H2 gas is added to the reaction chamber so the concentration of H2 is increased. Because H2 is a reactant in this equation and appears in the rate law as such, increasing the concentration of H2 will increase the rate of the reaction. But the rate constant (k) will remain the same because it does not depend on the concentration of reactants.
03

Identify the validity of the options

Now based on the analysis given, it can deducted that when a mole of H2 gas is added to the reactant chamber, the rate of reaction will increase but the rate constant will not change. So option (D) is the correct answer. The rate constant k is a property of the reaction at a given temperature and is not affected by changes in concentrations of reactants or products.

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