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Chapter 2: Problem 13

The average mass, in grams, of one mole of carbon atoms is equal to (A) the average mass of a single carbon atom, measured in amus (B) the ratio of the number of carbon atoms to the mass of a single carbon atom (C) the number of carbon atoms in one amu of carbon (D) the mass, in grams, of the most abundant isotope of carbon

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is (A) the average mass of a single carbon atom, measured in AMU.

Step by step solution

01

Detail on the concept of mole and AMU

In chemistry, a mole is quantity that contains Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) of atoms or molecules. On the other hand, the atomic mass unit (AMU) is a unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights, such that the mass of one mole of a substance expressed in grams is numerically equal to the atomic or molecular weight of that substance expressed in atomic mass units (AMU). Hence, for carbon atoms, one mole has a mass of about 12 grams, which is also equivalent to the mass of a single carbon atom, 12 AMU.
02

Analyzing the options

Looking at option A, it says the mass of a mole of carbon atoms is equal to the mass of a single carbon atom in Atomic Mass Units (AMU), which aligns with the above explanation. However, option B doesn't make sense because we don't determine the mass of a mole based on a ratio of number of atoms to the mass of a single atom. Option C is incorrect, because the AMU is defined such that a carbon-12 atom has a mass of exactly 12 amu and a mole of carbon has a mass of about 12 grams, not amu as suggested. Option D is incorrect because the mass of a mole is determined by the number of atoms/molecules in a mole (Avogadro's number), rather than being based on the mass of any particular isotope.
03

Choosing the correct option

From the analysis, the correct answer is option A, because the mass of a mole of carbon atoms is numerically equivalent to the mass of a single carbon atom, when measured in Atomic Mass Units (AMU).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

$$\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$ Increasing the temperature of the above reaction will increase the rate of reaction. Which of the following is NOT a reason that increased temperature increases reaction rate? (A) The reactants will be more likely to overcome the activation energy. (B) The number of collisions between reactant molecules will increase. (C) A greater distribution of reactant molecules will have high velocities. (D) Alternate reaction pathways become available at higher temperatures.

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A sample of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}\) gas is placed in an evacuated, sealed container and heated until the following decomposition reaction occurs at \(1000 \mathrm{K} :\) \(2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{S}_{2}(g) \qquad K_{\mathrm{c}}=1.0 \times 10^{-6}\) Which option best describes what will immediately occur to the reaction rates if the pressure on the system is increased after it has reached equilibrium? (A) The rate of both the forward and reverse reactions will increase. (B) The rate of the forward reaction will increase while the rate of the reverse reaction decreases. (C) The rate of the forward reaction will decrease while the rate of the reverse reaction increases. (D) Neither the rate of the forward nor reverse reactions will change.

A sample of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}\) gas is placed in an evacuated, sealed container and heated until the following decomposition reaction occurs at \(1000 \mathrm{K} :\) $$2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{S}_{2}(g) \qquad K_{\mathrm{c}}=1.0 \times 10^{-6}$$ If, at a given point in the reaction, the value for the reaction quotient \(Q\) is determined to be \(2.5 \times 10^{-8},\) which of the following is occurring? (A) The concentration of the reactant is decreasing while the concentration of the products is increasing. (B) The concentration of the reactant is increasing while the concentration of the products is decreasing. (C) The system has passed the equilibrium point, and the concentration of all species involved in the reaction will remain constant. (D) The concentrations of all species involved are changing at the same rate.

An unknown substance is found to have a high melting point. In addition, it is a poor conductor of electricity and does not dissolve in water. The substance most likely contains (A) ionic bonding (B) nonpolar covalent bonding (C) covalent network bonding (D) metallic bonding
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