Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 14: Problem 46

Identify which of the following substances are examples of true solutions. (a) red paint (b) Concord grape juice (c) oil and vinegar salad dressing (d) stainless steel

Short Answer

Expert verified
Concord grape juice and stainless steel are true solutions.

Step by step solution

01

- Define True Solution

A true solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) is completely dissolved in another substance (solvent). The particles are at the molecular or ionic level and cannot be seen with the naked eye or settled out by filtration.
02

- Analyze Substance (a) Red Paint

Red paint is typically a suspension of pigment particles in a liquid. The pigment particles do not dissolve completely and can be seen under a microscope, disqualifying it from being a true solution.
03

- Analyze Substance (b) Concord Grape Juice

Concord grape juice is a homogeneous mixture where the sugars, acids, and other components are completely dissolved in water. This qualifies it as a true solution.
04

- Analyze Substance (c) Oil and Vinegar Salad Dressing

Oil and vinegar salad dressing is a heterogeneous mixture because the oil and vinegar do not mix uniformly. They form distinct layers and do not dissolve in each other, making it not a true solution.
05

- Analyze Substance (d) Stainless Steel

Stainless steel is an alloy, which is a homogeneous mixture of metals. The different metallic elements are uniformly distributed at the molecular level, making it a true solution.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Homogeneous Mixtures
A homogeneous mixture is a type of mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the solution. This means that the different components that make up the mixture are evenly distributed, and you cannot distinguish them individually.
Examples of homogeneous mixtures include:
  • Salt water
  • Air
  • Vinegar
In these mixtures, the substance at the molecular level is evenly mixed, making the properties the same in every sample taken from the solution. The particles in a homogeneous mixture are not visible to the naked eye and are often in the molecular or ionic state.
Solute and Solvent
A solution consists of a solute and a solvent. The solute is the substance that gets dissolved, while the solvent is the substance that does the dissolving. In most common solutions, water is the solvent (referred to as the universal solvent) due to its ability to dissolve many different substances.

For example:
  • In salt water, salt is the solute and water is the solvent.
  • In sugar water, sugar is the solute and water is the solvent.
The solubility of a solute depends on various factors, such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of both the solute and solvent. The homogeneity of the mixture depends on the interaction between the solute and the solvent at the molecular level.
Alloys
Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of two or more metals or a metal and another element. They are created to enhance certain properties like strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion compared to their pure metal counterparts.

Some common examples of alloys include:
  • Stainless steel (iron, carbon, and chromium)
  • Brass (copper and zinc)
  • Bronze (copper and tin)
In alloys, the metallic elements are uniformly distributed at the molecular level, providing them with homogeneous properties. This makes the characteristics of alloys consistent throughout the entire mixture. Stainless steel, as mentioned in the exercise, is therefore considered a true solution.
Solution Properties
Solutions have several key properties that help identify and differentiate them from other types of mixtures:
  • Uniformity: Solutions are homogeneous mixtures, which means they have the same composition throughout.
  • Particle Size: The solute particles are at the molecular or ionic level, which means they are very small and not visible to the naked eye.
  • Stability: True solutions are stable and the solute particles do not settle out upon standing.
  • Separation: The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by simple physical means like filtration.
  • Conductivity: Some solutions can conduct electricity if the solute is an electrolyte, such as salt in water.
  • Color: Solutions can be colored or colorless depending on the solute.
Understanding these properties is essential for identifying and working with true solutions in various chemical processes and applications.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

What will be the molarity of the resulting solutions made by mixing the following? Assume that volumes are additive. (a) \(125 \mathrm{~mL}^{2}\) of \(5.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) with \(775 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(250 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.25 M \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) with \(750 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (c) \(75 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.50 M \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) with \(75 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(1.5 M \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\)

A hospital saline solution is analyzed to verify its concentration. A \(50.0-\mathrm{mL}\) sample of the solution with a mass of \(50.320 \mathrm{~g}\) is evaporated to dryness. If the solid sodium chloride residue has a mass of \(3.84 \mathrm{~g}\), what was the mass percent of sodium chloride in the original solution?

Law enforcement uses a quick and easy test for the presence of the illicit drug \(\mathrm{PCP}\), reacting it with potassium iodide. The PCP will form a crystalline solid with a long branching needlelike structure with \(\mathrm{Kl}\). What is the molarity of \(\mathrm{Kl}\) in a stock solution prepared by dissolving \(396.1 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{Kl}\) to a total volume of \(750.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) ?

At \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), an aqueous solution of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) that is \(35.0 \% \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) by mass has a density of \(1.21 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}\). (a) How many grams of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) are present in \(1.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of this solution? (b) What volume of this solution will contain \(500 . \mathrm{g} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) ?

What happens to salt ( \(\mathrm{NaCl})\) crystals when they are dissolved in water?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free