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Chapter 1: Problem 10

Indicate whether each sample of matter listed is a substance or a mixture; if it is a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous. (a) a wooden beam (b) red ink (c) distilled water (d) freshly squeezed orange juice

Short Answer

Expert verified
The classifications are: (a) A wooden beam is a heterogeneous mixture. (b) Red ink is a homogeneous mixture. (c) Distilled water is a substance. (d) Freshly squeezed orange juice is a heterogeneous mixture.

Step by step solution

01

Classification of a wooden beam

A wooden beam is considered a heterogeneous mixture. Wood is composed of various materials such as lignin and cellulose, which are not evenly distributed throughout the structure making it heterogeneous.
02

Classification of red ink

Red ink is considered a homogeneous mixture. The color particles in the ink are evenly distributed in the liquid, making it the same throughout, hence homogeneous.
03

Classification of distilled water

Distilled water is a substance. It is pure water, composed of H2O molecules, and its composition is uniform.
04

Classification of freshly squeezed orange juice

Freshly squeezed orange juice is a heterogeneous mixture. It often contains pulp, seeds, and juice that are not evenly distributed within the entire liquid. Therefore, it is not uniform.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

As mentioned on page \(13,\) the MCO was lost because of a mix-up in the units used to calculate the force needed to correct its trajectory. Ground-based computers generated the force correction file. On September \(29,1999,\) it was discovered that the forces reported by the ground-based computer for use in MCO navigation software were low by a factor of \(4.45 .\) The erroneous trajectory brought the MCO \(56 \mathrm{km}\) above the surface of Mars; the correct trajectory would have brought the MCO approximately \(250 \mathrm{km}\) above the surface. At \(250 \mathrm{km},\) the MCO would have successfully entered the desired elliptic orbit. The data contained in the force correction file were delivered in lb-sec instead of the required SI units of newton-sec for the MCO navigation software. The newton is the SI unit of force and is described in Appendix B. The British Engineering (gravitational) system uses a pound (lb) as a unit of force and \(\mathrm{ft} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\) as a unit of acceleration. In turn, the pound is defined as the pull of Earth on a unit of mass at a location where the acceleration due to gravity is \(32.174 \mathrm{ft} / \mathrm{s}^{2} .\) The unit of mass in this case is the slug, which is \(14.59 \mathrm{kg}\). Thus, BE unit of force \(=1\) pound \(=(\text { slug })\left(\mathrm{ft} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\right)\) Use this information to confirm that BE unit of force \(=4.45 \times\) SI unit of force 1 pound \(=4.45\) newton

Briefly describe each of the following ideas: (a) SI base units; (b) significant figures; (c) natural law; (d) exponential notation.

The non-SI unit, the hand (used by equestrians), is 4 inches. What is the height, in meters, of a horse that stands 15 hands high?

A vinegar sample is found to have a density of \(1.006 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}\) and to contain \(5.4 \%\) acetic acid by mass. How many grams of acetic acid are present in \(1.00 \mathrm{L}\) of this vinegar?

Express each number in exponential notation. (a) \(8950 .;\)(b) \(10,700 . ;(\text { c) } 0.0240 ; \text { (d) } 0.0047 ; \text { (e) } 938.3 ; \text { (f) } 275,482\).
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