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Chapter 1: Problem 111

Water, a compound, is a substance. Is there any circumstance under which a sample of pure water can exist as a heterogeneous mixture? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
No, under normal conditions, there are no circumstances under which a sample of pure water can exist as a heterogeneous mixture. A heterogeneous mixture requires two or more different substances that are not in a fixed ratio, which is not the case with pure water. The compound water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom chemically combined in a fixed ratio, making it a homogenous substance.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Concepts

Firstly, understand what a compound, substance and a mixture individually mean. Water, being a compound, is formed by chemically combining Hydrogen and Oxygen. Water, being a substance, means it has a fixed composition and characteristic properties. Lastly, understand that a heterogeneous mixture is made up of different substances, which are physically combined, and not in fixed proportions.
02

Analyzing the Possibility

Then analyze, could pure water exist as a heterogeneous mixture? Remember that pure water is a compound and substance that can't be separated or varied proportionally, unless other elements or compounds are introduced.
03

Formulate Your Answer

After understanding the basics and analyzing the possibility, it should be clear that no circumstances under normal conditions can allow pure water to exist as a heterogeneous mixture. Because a heterogeneous mixture requires the physical combination of two or more substances, and pure water is a single, chemically combined compound. Therefore, unless other substances are introduced into the water, it will always be homogenous.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

According to the rules on significant figures, the product of the measured quantities \(99.9 \mathrm{m}\) and \(1.008 \mathrm{m}\) should be expressed to three significant figures-\(101 \mathrm{m}^{2} .\) Yet, in this case, it would be more appropriate to express the result to four significant figures-\(100.7 \mathrm{m}^{2} .\) Explain why.

Without doing detailed calculations, explain which of the following objects contains the greatest mass of the element iron. (a) \(\mathrm{A} 1.00 \mathrm{kg}\) pile of pure iron filings. (b) A cube of wrought iron, \(5.0 \mathrm{cm}\) on edge. Wrought iron contains \(98.5 \%\) iron by mass and has a density of \(7.7 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). (c) A square sheet of stainless steel \(0.30 \mathrm{m}\) on edge and \(1.0 \mathrm{mm}\) thick. The stainless steel is an alloy (mixture) containing iron, together with \(18 \%\) chromium, \(8\%\) nickel, and 0.18\% carbon by mass. Its density is \(7.7 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). (d) \(10.0 \mathrm{L}\) of a solution characterized as follows: \(d=1.295 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL} .\) This solution is \(70.0 \%\) water and \(30.0 \%\) of a compound of iron, by mass. The iron compound consists of \(34.4 \%\) iron by mass.

The total volume of ice in the Antarctic is about \(3.01 \times 10^{7} \mathrm{km}^{3} .\) If all the ice in the Antarctic were to melt completely, estimate the rise, \(h,\) in sea level that would result from the additional liquid water entering the oceans. The densities of ice and fresh water are \(0.92 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) and \(1.0 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3},\) respectively. Assume that the oceans of the world cover an area, \(A,\) of about \(3.62 \times 10^{8} \mathrm{km}^{2}\) and that the increase in volume of the oceans can be calculated as \(A \times h\).

To determine the approximate mass of a small spherical shot of copper, the following experiment is performed. When 125 pieces of the shot are counted out and added to \(8.4 \mathrm{mL}\) of water in a graduated cylinder, the total volume becomes \(8.9 \mathrm{mL}\). The density of copper is \(8.92 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3} .\) Determine the approximate mass of a single piece of shot, assuming that all of the pieces are of the same dimensions.

In the third century \(\mathrm{BC}\), the Greek mathematician Archimedes is said to have discovered an important principle that is useful in density determinations. The story told is that King Hiero of Syracuse (in Sicily) asked Archimedes to verify that an ornate crown made for him by a goldsmith consisted of pure gold and not a gold-silver alloy. Archimedes had to do this, of course, without damaging the crown in any way. Describe how Archimedes did this, or if you don't know the rest of the story, rediscover Archimedes's principle and explain how it can be used to settle the question.
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