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Chapter 11: Problem 108

Construct a concept map that describes the interconnection between valence- bond theory and molecular orbital theory in the description of resonance structures.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory interconnect in the description of resonance structures through the idea of electron delocalization. While the valence bond theory can describe basic electron sharing, the molecular orbital theory gives us more detailed insight into electron behavior including delocalization, permitting a comprehensive understanding of resonance in molecules. A concept map would showcase these theories and their interconnections in the depiction of resonance.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Valence Bond Theory

The valence bond theory describes that bonding occurs as a result of electron pair sharing between the atoms, producting a molecular structure that is a composite of the atomic orbitals from the bonding atoms.
02

Understanding Molecular Orbital Theory

While, the Molecular Orbital Theory proposes that atomic orbitals from the bonding atoms combine to form new molecular orbitals that span over the entire molecule, both bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbitals.
03

Defining the Concept of Resonance

Resonance is a way of describing delocalized electrons within certain molecules or polyatomic ions where the bonding cannot be expressed by a single Lewis structure. Rather, a molecule with resonance is actually a hybrid of different structures.
04

Interconnection between the Theories

Valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory both offer a depiction of how the electrons are arranged in a molecule, and can be used synergistically to explain the concept of resonance. While valence bond theory can explain the localized electron-sharing, molecular orbital theory extends this idea to include delocalized electrons, thus allowing a better insight into resonance phenomena.
05

Constructing a Concept Map

Now, based on the understanding of both the theories and resonance, a concept map is constructed. This concept map should denote Valence Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory as two individual nodes. Resonance should be an interconnected node drawing features from both the theories. This explains the interconnected nature of these theories in describing resonance structures.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Describe the molecular geometry of \(\mathrm{CCl}_{4}\) suggested by each of the following methods: (a) Lewis theory; (b) valence-bond method using simple atomic orbitals; (c) VSEPR theory; (d) valence-bond method using hybridized atomic orbitals.

In your own words, define the following terms or symbols: (a) \(s p^{2} ;\) (b) \(\sigma_{2 p}^{*} ;\) (c) bond order; (d) \(\pi\) bond.

For each of the following species, identify the central atom(s) and propose a hybridization scheme for those $\operatorname{atom}(\mathrm{s}):(\mathrm{a}) \mathrm{CO}_{2} ;(\mathrm{b}) \mathrm{HONO}_{2} ;(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-} ;(\mathrm{d}) \mathrm{BF}_{4}^{-}$

Explain why the electrical conductivity of a semiconductor is significantly increased if trace amounts of either donor or acceptor atoms are present, but is unchanged if both are present in equal number.

Indicate which of the following molecules and ions are linear, which are planar, and which are neither. Then propose hybridization schemes for the central atoms. (a) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CCl}_{2} ;(\mathrm{b}) \mathrm{N} \equiv \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{N} ;(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{F}_{3} \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{N}\) (d) \([\mathrm{S}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{N}]^{-}\)
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