An aqueous solution with density \(0.988 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}\) at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is prepared by dissolving \(12.8 \mathrm{mL} \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) \((d=0.803 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL})\) in enough water to produce \(75.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of solution. What is the percent \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) expressed as (a) percent by volume; (b) percent by mass; (c) percent (mass/volume)?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The percentage of \(CH_{3}CH_{2}CH_{2}OH\) expressed as percent by volume, percent by mass and percent mass/volume can be calculated using the relevant formulas. Solve the equations obtained in steps 1, 2, and 3 to get the respective percentages.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the volume Percentage

To find the volume of ethanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) in the solution, we can simply divide the volume of ethanol by the total volume of the solution and multiply by 100. Mathematically, it would look like this: \[ Volume\% = \left( \frac{Volume\, of\, ethanol}{Total\, volume\, of\, solution} \right) x 100 = \left( \frac{12.8\, mL}{75.0\, mL} \right) x 100 \]
02

Calculate the Mass Percentage

For the mass percentage we need to find the mass of the alcohol and total mass of the solution. The mass of alcohol can be calculated by multiplying its density by volume (Mass = density x volume). Then, we find the total mass by adding the mass of alcohol and mass of water (which can be found by multiplying the volume of water (total volume - volume of alcohol) with its density). Finally, the mass percentage is calculated as follows: \[ Mass\% = \left( \frac{Mass\, of\, ethanol}{Total\, mass\, of\, solution} \right) x 100 \]
03

Calculate the mass/volume Percentage

For the mass/volume percentage, we divide the mass of the solute with the total volume and multiply the result by 100. \[ Mass/Volume\% = \left( \frac{Mass\, of\, ethanol}{Total\, volume\, of\, solution} \right) x 100 \] The mass of ethanol is calculated as earlier explained in step 2, while the total volume of the solution is already given.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free