Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 13: Problem 130

Which of the following ions has the greater charge density? (a) \(\mathrm{Na}^{+} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{F}^{-} ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{K}^{+} ;\) (d) \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The ion with the greatest charge density is \(\mathrm{F}^{-}\) (Fluorine ion).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Concept and Given Ions

Charge density is the measure of charge per unit volume. For ions with the same charge, those with smaller atomic radii will have a greater charge density because the same amount of charge is spread over a smaller volume. The given ions are \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\), \(\mathrm{F}^{-}\), \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\), and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\). \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) are cations (positive ions) and \(\mathrm{F}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) are anions (negative ions). All these ions carry a single charge.
02

Reference to the Periodic Table for Atomic Radii

From the periodic table, we know that the atomic radii increase as we move down a group and decrease as we move from left to right across a period. Given that Fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) are from the same group (Group 17 or VIIA), Fluorine being above Chlorine, has a smaller atomic radius. Similarly, Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are in the same group (Group 1 or IA) with Sodium being above Potassium, thus, Sodium has a smaller atomic radius. Between Fluorine and Sodium, as we move from Group 1 to Group 17, the atomic radius decreases, so Fluorine's radius is the smallest.
03

Determining the Ion with the Greatest Charge Density

After comparing these atomic radii, we can conclude that Fluorine, with the smallest atomic radius, has the greatest charge density among the given ions.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Some fish live in saltwater environments and some in freshwater, but in either environment they need water to survive. Saltwater fish drink water, but freshwater fish do not. Explain this difference between the two types of fish.

Instructions on a container of antifreeze (ethylene glycol; \(\left.\mathrm{fp},-12.6^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{bp}, 197.3^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\) give the following volumes of Prestone to be used in protecting a \(12 \mathrm{qt}\) cooling system against freeze-up at different temperatures (the remaining liquid is water): \(10^{\circ} \mathrm{F}, 3 \mathrm{qt}\) \(0^{\circ} \mathrm{F}, 4 \mathrm{qt} ;-15^{\circ} \mathrm{F}, 5 \mathrm{qt} ;-34^{\circ} \mathrm{F}, 6 \mathrm{qt} .\) since the freezing point of the coolant is successively lowered by using more antifreeze, why not use even more than 6 qt of antifreeze (and proportionately less water) to ensure the maximum protection against freezing?

Hydrogen chloride is a colorless gas, yet when a bottle of concentrated hydrochloric acid \([\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{conc} \text { aq) }]\) is opened, mist-like fumes are often seen to escape from the bottle. How do you account for this?

An aqueous solution has \(109.2 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{KOH} / \mathrm{L}\) solution. The solution density is \(1.09 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL} .\) Your task is to use \(100.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of this solution to prepare \(0.250 \mathrm{m}\) KOH. What mass of which component, \(\mathrm{KOH}\) or \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\), would you add to the \(100.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of solution?

At 1.00 atm, the solubility of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) in water is \(2.18 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M}\) at \(0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1.26 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M}\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) What volume of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g}),\) measured at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1.00 \mathrm{atm},\) is expelled when \(515 \mathrm{mL}\) of water saturated with \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) is heated from 0 to \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) ?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free