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Chapter 2: Problem 103
The properties of magnesium will most resemble those of which of the following? (a) cesium; (b) sodium; (c) aluminum; (d) calcium; (e) manganese.
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Assuming that the seventh period of the periodic table has 32 members, what should be the atomic number of (a) the noble gas following radon (Rn); (b) the alkali metal following francium (Fr)?
Germanium has three major naturally occurring isotopes: \(^{70}\) Ge \((69.92425 \mathrm{u}, 20.85 \%),^{72} \mathrm{Ge}(71.92208 \mathrm{u},\) \(27.54 \%),^{74} \mathrm{Ge}(73.92118 \mathrm{u}, 36.29 \%) .\) There are also two minor isotopes: \(^{73}\) Ge \(\left(72.92346 \text { u) and }^{76} \mathrm{Ge}\right.\) (75.92140 u). Calculate the percent natural abundances of the two minor isotopes. Comment on the precision of these calculations.
Iodine-131 is a radioactive isotope that has important medical uses. Small doses of iodine-131 are used for treating hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) and larger doses are used for treating thyroid cancer. Iodine-131 is administered to patients in the form of sodium iodide capsules that contain \(^{131} \mathrm{I}^{-}\) ions. Determine the number of neutrons, protons, and electrons in a single \(^{131} \mathrm{I}^{-}\) ion.
Samples of pure carbon weighing \(3.62,5.91,\) and \(7.07 \mathrm{g}\) were burned in an excess of air. The masses of carbon dioxide obtained (the sole product in each case) were \(13.26,21.66,\) and \(25.91 \mathrm{g},\) respectively. (a) Do these data establish that carbon dioxide has a fixed composition? (b) What is the composition of carbon dioxide, expressed in \% C and \% O, by mass?
In one experiment, the reaction of \(1.00 \mathrm{g}\) mercury and an excess of sulfur yielded \(1.16 \mathrm{g}\) of a sulfide of mercury as the sole product. In a second experiment, the same sulfide was produced in the reaction of \(1.50 \mathrm{g}\) mercury and \(1.00 \mathrm{g}\) sulfur. (a) What mass of the sulfide of mercury was produced in the second experiment? (b) What mass of which element (mercury or sulfur) remained unreacted in the second experiment?
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