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Chapter 2: Problem 5

When a solid mixture consisting of \(10.500 \mathrm{g}\) calcium hydroxide and \(11.125 \mathrm{g}\) ammonium chloride is strongly heated, gaseous products are evolved and \(14.336 \mathrm{g}\) of a solid residue remains. The gases are passed into \(62.316 \mathrm{g}\) water, and the mass of the resulting solution is \(69.605 \mathrm{g}\). Within the limits of experimental error, show that these data conform to the law of conservation of mass.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The mass of the reactants in the given chemical reaction is \(21.625 \mathrm{g}\), and the mass of the products is \(83.941 \mathrm{g}\). These do not equal each other, indicating a mistake in the calculations or experimental results, violating the law of conservation of mass.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the Mass of the Reactants

Add the mass of the calcium hydroxide (\(10.500 \mathrm{g}\)) and ammonium chloride (\(11.125 \mathrm{g}\)) to calculate the total mass of the reactants. This gives a total reactant mass of \(10.500 \mathrm{g} + 11.125 \mathrm{g} = 21.625 \mathrm{g}\).
02

Calculate the Mass of the Products

Create an equation considering that: mass of solid residue + mass of the water + mass of dissolved gases = mass of products. We know the mass of the solid residue is \(14.336 \mathrm{g}\), and the mass of the water initially is \(62.316 \mathrm{g}\). The mass of the dissolved gases is calculated by subtracting the initial mass of the water from the final mass of the solution, which is \(69.605 \mathrm{g}\). Therefore, the mass of the dissolved gases is \(69.605 \mathrm{g} - 62.316 \mathrm{g} = 7.289 \mathrm{g}\). Consequently, the total mass of the products is the sum of these three quantities, or \(14.336 \mathrm{g} + 62.316 \mathrm{g} + 7.289 \mathrm{g} = 83.941 \mathrm{g}\).
03

Compare the Mass of the Reactants and Products

Compare the calculated total mass of the reactants from Step 1 with the total mass of the products from Step 2. If these two values are equal, then the law of conservation of mass holds true.

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