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Chapter 2: Problem 52

Refer to the periodic table inside the front cover and identify (a) the element that is in group 11 and the sixth period (b) an element with atomic number greater than 50 that has properties similar to the element with atomic number 18 (c) the group number of an element \(\mathrm{E}\) that forms an ion \(\mathrm{E}^{2-}\) (d) an element \(M\) that you would expect to form the ion \(\mathrm{M}^{3+}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) The element in Group 11 and the sixth period is Gold (Au). b) An element with atomic number greater than 50 that has similar properties to Argon is Xenon (Xe). c) The element E that forms an Ion \( \mathrm{E}^{2-} \) is from Group 16. d) The element M that forms an Ion \( \mathrm{M}^{3+} \) is from Group 13.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Element in Group 11 and Sixth Period

Group 11 of the periodic table consists of the transition metals; copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), and roentgenium (Rg). The sixth period specifies the row, so it is Au (Gold).
02

Find an Element Similar to Atomic Number 18 but Greater Than 50

The element with atomic number 18 is Argon, a noble gas. Elements within the same group share similar properties due to having the same number of electrons in their outermost shell. Looking for an element with an atomic number greater than 50, in the same group (Group 18), we find Xenon (Xe).
03

Determine the Group Number of Element E

Element E forms an ion \( \mathrm{E}^{2-} \), which means that it gains 2 electrons to achieve greater stability. This is typical behavior for elements in the 16th group of the periodic table, which includes Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te), and Polonium (Po). So, E belongs to Group 16.
04

Identify an Element M That is Expected to form \( \mathrm{M}^{3+} \)

Ion \( \mathrm{M}^{3+} \) means that M loses 3 electrons. Elements in the 13th group of the periodic table form +3 ions because they have 3 electrons in their outer shell that they can lose to achieve stability. Examples are Aluminium (Al), Gallium (Ga), Indium (In), and Thallium (Tl). So, M is a member of Group 13.

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