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Chapter 2: Problem 72

In each case, identify the element in question. (a) The mass number of an atom is 234 and the atom has \(60.0 \%\) more neutrons than protons. (b) An ion with a \(2+\) charge has \(10.0 \%\) more protons than electrons. (c) An ion with a mass number of 110 and a \(2+\) charge has \(25.0 \%\) more neutrons than electrons.

Short Answer

Expert verified
For (a), the atom has \(p\) protons and can be identified using the atomic number. For (b), the ion has \(e\) electrons and can be identified using the number of protons. For (c), the ion has an atomic number equal to the number of protons calculated and can be identified accordingly.

Step by step solution

01

Determine the stating equation for (a)

In an atom, the mass number equals to the sum of protons and neutrons. Given in the problem, mass Number is 234 and there are 60 % more neutrons than protons. We can form the equation as follows: \(234 = p + 1.6p\).
02

Solve the equation for (a)

Solving this equation will give the number of protons, p. This can be solved as \(234 = 2.6p\), so \(p = 234 / 2.6\). Calculate to find the number of protons, p.
03

Identify the atom for (a)

The number of protons is the atomic number, which can be used to identify the atom from a periodic table
04

Determine the stating equation for (b)

A 2+ ion means it has 2 more protons than electrons. If there are 10% more protons than electrons, we can form the equation as follows: \(p = e + 2 = 1.1e\).
05

Solve the equation for (b)

Solving this equation will give the number of electrons, e. This can be solved as \(e = 2 / 0.1\). Calculate to find the number of electrons, e.
06

Identify the ion for (b)

The number of protons is the atomic number, which can be used to identify the ion from a periodic table.
07

Determine the stating equation for (c)

In atom, the mass number equals to the sum of protons and neutrons. The 2+ charge means there are 2 more protons than electrons. If there are 25% more neutrons than electrons, we can form the equations as follows: \(110 = p + n\) and \(n = 1.25e\) and \(p = e + 2\)
08

Solve the equations for (c)

First substitute the neutrons in terms of electrons in the mass number equation: \(110 = e + 2 + 1.25e\). Solve for the number of electrons, e. Then, calculate the number of protons and neutrons using the defined relationships.
09

Identify the ion for (c)

The number of protons is the atomic number, which can be used to identify the ion from a periodic table.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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