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Chapter 21: Problem 87

Listed are several pairs of substances. For some pairs, one or both members of the pair react individually with water to produce a gas. For others, neither member of the pair reacts with water. The pair for which each member reacts with water and yields the same gaseous product is (a) \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{s}) ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{CaH}_{2}(\mathrm{s}) ; \quad(\mathrm{c}) \quad \mathrm{Na}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{s}) ; \quad\) (d) \(\mathrm{K}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}(\mathrm{s}) ;(\mathrm{e}) \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}).\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The pair which each member reacts with water and yields the same gaseous product is \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{s})\) and \( \mathrm{CaH}_{2}(\mathrm{s}) \).

Step by step solution

01

Analyze pairs and their reactions with water

First, consult the chemical reactions of each substance with water. For example, Al(s) reacts to form \(\mathrm{Al(OH)}_{3}(s)\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\). Also, Ba(s) reacts to form \(\mathrm{Ba(OH)}_{2}(aq)\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\). Analyze similar reactions for all other pairs.
02

Identify pairs that produce the same gaseous product

The next step involves identifying which pairs produce the same gaseous product upon reaction. For instance, \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{s})\) both produce \(\mathrm{H}_{2 }(g)\) as the gaseous product.
03

Validate the given pairs

Now validate the given pairs which fulfill the conditions of the problem. The pair \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{s})\) and \( \mathrm{CaH}_{2}(\mathrm{s}) \) are reacting with water to produce the same gaseous product, which is \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(g).\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write chemical equations to represent the most probable outcome in each of the following. If no reaction is likely to occur, so state. (a) \(\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{OH})_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}(\mathrm{s}) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s}) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\)

Of the following oxides, the one with the highest melting point is (a) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{BaO} ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{MgO} ;\) (d) \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}.\)

When a \(0.200 \mathrm{g}\) sample of \(\mathrm{Mg}\) is heated in air, \(0.315 \mathrm{g}\) of product is obtained. Assume that all the Mg appears in the product. (a) If the product were pure \(\mathrm{MgO}\), what mass should have been obtained? (b) Show that the 0.315 g product could be a mixture of \(\mathrm{Mg} \mathrm{O}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{N}_{2}.\) (c) What is the mass percent of \(\mathrm{MgO}\) in the \(\mathrm{MgO}-\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{N}_{2}\) mixed product?

The Gibbs energies of formation, \(\Delta G_{\mathrm{f}}^{\circ},\) for \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{s})\) are \(-379.09 \mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\) and \(-449.63 \mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\) respectively, at 298 K. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction below at \(298 \mathrm{K} .\) Is \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{s})\) thermodynamically stable with respect to \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s})\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) at \(298 \mathrm{K} ?\) $$ \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{s}) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g}) $$

Describe a series of simple chemical reactions that you could use to determine whether a particular metal sample is "aluminum 2S" (99.2\% Al) or "magnalium" (70\% Al, 30\% Mg). You are permitted to destroy the metal sample in the testing.
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