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Chapter 22: Problem 59

In \(1968,\) before pollution controls were introduced, over 75 billion gallons of gasoline were used in the United States as a motor fuel. Assume an emission of oxides of nitrogen of 5 grams per vehicle mile and an average mileage of 15 miles per gallon of gasoline. How many kilograms of nitrogen oxides were released into the atmosphere in the United States in \(1968 ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The total nitrogen oxides released into the atmosphere in the United States in 1968 amounts to \(5.625*10^{9}\) kilograms.

Step by step solution

01

Convert Gallons to Miles

First calculate the total number of miles driven by taking the total gallons of gasoline used and multiply it with the average mileage per gallon. Therefore, \(75*10^9\) gallons * 15 miles/gallon = \(1.125*10^{12}\) miles.
02

Calculate Total Nitrogen Oxides Emission

Next, calculate the total nitrogen oxides emission. Since each vehicle mile produces 5 grams of nitrogen oxides, multiply the total miles driven from step 1 by the emission rate of 5 grams/mile, so \(1.125*10^{12}\) miles * 5 grams/mile = \(5.625*10^{12}\) grams of nitrogen oxides.
03

Convert Grams to Kilograms

Finally, because the problem asks for the solution in kilograms, convert the total from grams into kilograms. Since 1 kilogram equates to 1000 grams, divide the result from step 2 by 1000, leading to \((5.625*10^{12})/1000 = \(5.625*10^{9}\) kilograms.

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