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Chapter 22: Problem 65

Supply an appropriate name for each of the following: (a) \(\mathrm{HPO}_{4}^{2-} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}_{2} \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7} ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{13}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Hydrogen phosphate ion (b) Calcium pyrophosphate (c) Hexahydrogen tetraphosphate

Step by step solution

01

Interpreting the first chemical formula

The first given chemical formula is \( \mathrm{HPO}_{4}^{2-} \). This is a polyatomic ion, made up of one hydrogen atom (H), one phosphorus atom (P), and four oxygen atoms (O). The \(2-\) indicates that this ion carries a 2- charge. In nomenclature, this compound is referred to as the hydrogen phosphate ion.
02

Interpreting the second chemical formula

The second given chemical formula is \( \mathrm{Ca}_{2} \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7} \). This is a compound made up of two calcium atoms (Ca), two phosphorus atoms (P), and seven oxygen atoms (O). In nomenclature, this compound is referred to as calcium pyrophosphate.
03

Interpreting the third chemical formula

The third given chemical formula is \( \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{13} \). This compound consists of six hydrogen atoms (H), four phosphorus atoms (P), and thirteen oxygen atoms (O). In nomenclature, this compound is referred to as hexahydrogen tetraphosphate.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The trichloride ion, \(\mathrm{Cl}_{3}^{-1}\), is not very stable in aqueous solution. The equilibrium constant for the following dissociation reaction is 5.5 at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) : $$\mathrm{Cl}_{3}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Cl}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})$$ (a) Draw a Lewis structure for the \(\mathrm{Cl}_{3}^{-}\) ion and predict the geometry. (b) Calculate the equilibrium concentration of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{3}^{-}\) if 0.0010 moles each of \(\mathrm{KCl}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) are dissolved in water at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to make \(1.0 \mathrm{L}\) of solution.

A 55 L cylinder contains \(A r\) at 145 atm and \(26^{\circ}\) C. What minimum volume of air at STP must have been liquefied and distilled to produce this Ar? Air contains \(0.934 \%\) Ar, by volume.

Provide an explanation for the observation that helium, neon, and argon do not react directly with fluorine.

\(\mathrm{O}_{3}(\mathrm{g})\) is a powerful oxidizing agent. Write equations to represent oxidation of \((a) I^{-}\) to \(I_{2}\) in acidic solution; (b) sulfur in the presence of moisture to sulfuric acid; (c) \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]^{4-}\) to \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]^{3-}\) in basic solution. In each case \(\mathrm{O}_{3}(\mathrm{g})\) is reduced to \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\).

Show how you would use elemental sulfur, chlorine gas, metallic sodium, water, and air to produce aqueous solutions containing (a) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{3} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} .\) [Hint: You will have to use information from other chapters as well as this one.].
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