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Chapter 22: Problem 73

Write chemical equations for the following reactions: (a) the displacement of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) from \(\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})\) by \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{s})\) (b) the re-forming of propane gas \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)\) with steam (c) the reduction of \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}(\mathrm{s})\) to \(\mathrm{Mn}(\mathrm{s})\) with \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced chemical equations are: (a) \(2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) \rightarrow 2AlCl_{3}(aq) + 3H_{2}(g)\), (b) \(C_{3}H_{8}(g) + 4H_{2}O(g) \rightarrow 3CO_{2}(g) + 8H_{2}(g)\), and (c) \(MnO_{2}(s) + H_{2}(g) \rightarrow Mn(s) + 2H_{2}O(l)\)

Step by step solution

01

Displacement of \(H_{2}(g)\) from \(HCl(aq)\) by \(Al(s)\)

In this displacement reaction, Aluminum (Al) replaces Hydrogen (H) in Hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) and Hydrogen (H2) gas. The balanced equation is:\(2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) \rightarrow 2AlCl_{3}(aq) + 3H_{2}(g)\)
02

Reforming of Propane gas \((C_{3}H_{8})\) with Steam

When propane gas reacts with steam, it forms Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Hydrogen gas (H2). The balanced equation is:\(C_{3}H_{8}(g) + 4H_{2}O(g) \rightarrow 3CO_{2}(g) + 8H_{2}(g)\)
03

Reduction of \(MnO_{2}(s)\) to \(Mn(s)\) with \(H_{2}(g)\)

In this reduction reaction, Hydrogen (H2) gas reduces Manganese Dioxide (MnO2) to Manganese (Mn). The balanced equation is: \(MnO_{2}(s) + H_{2}(g) \rightarrow Mn(s) + 2H_{2}O(l)\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Complete and balance equations for these reactions. (a) \(\operatorname{LiH}(s)+H_{2} O(1) \longrightarrow\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g}) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\) (c) \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(1) \longrightarrow\)

The following bond energies are given for \(298 \mathrm{K}: \mathrm{O}_{2}\) \(498 ; \mathrm{N}_{2}, 946 ; \mathrm{F}_{2}, 159 ; \mathrm{Cl}_{2}, 243 ;\) ClF, \(251 ; \mathrm{OF}\left(\text { in } \mathrm{OF}_{2}\right)\) \(213 ; \mathrm{ClO}\left(\operatorname{in} \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right), 205 ;\) and \(\mathrm{NF}\left(\mathrm{in} \mathrm{NF}_{3}\right), 280 \mathrm{kJmol}^{-14}\) Calculate \(\Delta H_{f}\) at \(298 \mathrm{K}\) for \(1 \mathrm{mol}\) of \((\mathrm{a}) \mathrm{ClF}(\mathrm{g})\) (b) \(\mathrm{OF}_{2}(\mathrm{g}) ;(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g}) ;(\mathrm{d}) \mathrm{NF}_{3}(\mathrm{g})\).

The structure of \(\mathrm{N}\left(\mathrm{SiH}_{3}\right)_{3}\) involves a planar arrangement of \(\mathrm{N}\) and \(\mathrm{Si}\) atoms, whereas that of the related compound \(\mathrm{N}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}\) has a pyramidal arrangement of N and \(\mathrm{C}\) atoms. Propose bonding schemes for these molecules that are consistent with this observation.

How many grams of \(\mathrm{CaH}_{2}(\mathrm{s})\) are required to generate sufficient \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) to fill a \(235 \mathrm{L}\) weather observation balloon at \(722 \mathrm{mmHg}\) and \(19.7^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) \(\mathrm{CaH}_{2}(\mathrm{s})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(1) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\).

Without doing detailed calculations, explain in which of the following materials you would expect to find the greatest mass percent of hydrogen: seawater, the atmosphere, natural gas \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\right),\) ammonia.
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