Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 23: Problem 2

Arrange the following species according to the number of unpaired electrons they contain, starting with the one that has the greatest number: \(\mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Sc}^{3+}, \mathrm{Ti}^{2+}\) \(\mathrm{Mn}^{4+}, \mathrm{Cr}, \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The arrangement of the species according to their unpaired electrons is: \(\mathrm{Cr}, \mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Ti}^{2+}, \mathrm{Sc}^{3+}, \mathrm{Mn}^{4+}, \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\)

Step by step solution

01

Determine the Electron Configuration of Each Species

Use the Periodic Table to find the electron configurations:\(\mathrm{Fe}\)=[Ar] 4s2 3d6, \(\mathrm{Sc}^{3+}\)=[Ar], \(\mathrm{Ti}^{2+}\)=[Ar] 3d2, \(\mathrm{Mn}^{4+}\)=[Ar], \(\mathrm{Cr}\)=[Ar] 4s1 3d5, \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\)=[Ar].
02

Count the Unpaired Electrons

By analyzing the electron configuration, figure out the number of unpaired electrons in each species: \(\mathrm{Fe}\) has 4 unpaired electrons, \(\mathrm{Sc}^{3+}\) has no unpaired electrons, \(\mathrm{Ti}^{2+}\) has 2 unpaired electrons, \(\mathrm{Mn}^{4+}\) has no unpaired electrons, \(\mathrm{Cr}\) has 6 unpaired electrons, \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) has no unpaired electrons.
03

Arrange the Species

With the numbers of unpaired electrons, arrange the species in decreasing order: \(\mathrm{Cr}, \mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Ti}^{2+}, \mathrm{Sc}^{3+}, \mathrm{Mn}^{4+}, \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\)

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

The only important compounds of \(\mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{II})\) are \(\mathrm{AgF}_{2}\) and AgO. Why would you expect these two compounds to be stable, but not other silver(II) compounds such as \(\mathrm{AgCl}_{2}, \mathrm{AgBr}_{2},\) and \(\mathrm{AgS} ?\)

Briefly describe each of the following ideas, phenomena, or methods: (a) lanthanide contraction; (b) zone refining; (c) basic oxygen process; (d) slag formation.

The best oxidizing agent of the following group of ions is (a) \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})\) (d) \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) ;\) (e) \(\mathrm{OH}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})\)

Nitinol is a nickel-titanium alloy known as memory metal. The name nitinol is derived from the symbols for nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and the acronym for the Naval Ordinance Laboratory (NOL), where it was discovered. If an object made out of nitinol is heated to about \(500^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) for about an hour and then allowed to cool, the original shape of the object is "remembered," even if the object is deformed into a different shape. The original shape can be restored by heating the metal. Because of this property, nitinol has found many uses, especially in medicine and orthodontics (for braces). Nitinol exists in a number of different solid phases. In the so- called austerite phase, the metal is relatively soft and elastic. The crystal structure for the austerite phase can be described as a simple cubic lattice of Ti atoms with Ni atoms occupying cubic holes in the lattice of Ti atoms. What is the empirical formula of nitinol and what is the percent by mass of titanium in the alloy?

Write plausible half-equations to represent each of the following in basic solution. (a) oxidation of \(\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(\mathrm{s})\) to \(\mathrm{FeO}_{4}^{2-}\) (b) reduction of \(\left[\mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]^{-}\) to silver metal
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free