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Chapter 23: Problem 82

All of the following elements have an ion displaying the +6 oxidation state except (a) Mo; (b) Cr; (c) Mn; (d) \(\mathrm{V} ;\) (e) S.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The element which does not have an ion displaying the +6 oxidation state is (d) Vanadium (V).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Concept of Oxidation State

Firstly, understand that the oxidation state of an atom in a molecule refers to the degree of oxidation of that atom. It is defined as the charge that atom would have if all bonds were ionic. An atom can have an oxidation state ranging from -3 to +7, depending on its electron configuration and its position in the Periodic Table.
02

Knowledge of Elements' Electron Configuration

Recognize that the highest possible oxidation state for an element is equal to the number of valence electrons that must be removed to form a cation. The position of the elements in the Periodic Table gives information about the valence electrons. Molybdenum (Mo) and Chromium (Cr) are in group 6 and can therefore display a +6 oxidation state. Manganese (Mn) is in group 7 and can lose up to 7 electrons, thus can also display a +6 oxidation state. Sulfur (S) being in group 16, also can display a +6 oxidation state.
03

Finding the Element With a Different Maximum Oxidation State

Among the provided options, only Vanadium (V) is in group 5 of the Periodic Table, meaning that it has 5 valence electrons and can therefore only lose at most 5 electrons. Hence, it cannot display a +6 oxidation state.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Describe the chemical composition of the material called (a) pig iron; (b) ferromanganese alloy; (c) chromite ore; (d) brass; (e) aqua regia; (f) blister copper; (g) stainless steel.

As a group, the lanthanides are more reactive metals than are those in the first transition series. How do you account for this difference?

Briefly describe each of the following ideas, phenomena, or methods: (a) lanthanide contraction; (b) zone refining; (c) basic oxygen process; (d) slag formation.

When yellow \(\mathrm{BaCrO}_{4}\) is dissolved in \(\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}),\) a green solution is obtained. Write a chemical equation to account for the color change.

Both \(\mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}(\mathrm{aq})\) and \(\mathrm{MnO}_{4}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})\) can be used to titrate \(\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})\) to \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}(\mathrm{aq}) .\) Suppose you have available as titrants two solutions: \(0.1000 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}(\mathrm{aq})\) and \(0.1000 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{MnO}_{4}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})\). (a) For which solution would the greater volume of titrant be required for the titration of a particular sample of \(\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}(\text { aq }) ?\) Explain. (b) How many \(\mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.1000 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{MnO}_{4}^{-}(\) aq) would be required for a titration if the same titration requires \(24.50 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.1000 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}(\mathrm{aq}) ?\)
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