Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 24: Problem 38

Draw dashed and solid wedge diagrams of transplatin, trans-Pt( \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) ) \(_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\), and cisplatin, \(\operatorname{cis}-\mathrm{Pt}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) Then, explain how transplatin can be more reactive yet less effective at killing cancer cells than is cisplatin.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Transplatin and Cisplatin are isomers, with chloride ions in opposite placements in Transplatin, making it more reactive, yet less effective against cancer cells because the cis configuration in Cisplatin allows for more effective DNA cross-linking which triggers cell death in cancer treatment.

Step by step solution

01

Draw the wedge diagrams for transplatin

Draw a square in the plane of the screen to represent the platinum atom and mark the two sides as top and bottom. Draw the two ammonia molecules attached to the top and the bottom of the square using filled lines. Then draw the two chlorine atoms attached to the two sides of the square, one using a dashed line (representing going into the plane of the screen) and the other using a wedge (representing coming out of the plane of the screen). This represents the trans isomer where the chlorine atoms are on opposite sides.
02

Draw the wedge diagrams for cisplatin

Draw a square in the plane of the screen to represent the platinum atom and mark the two sides as top and bottom. Draw the two ammonia molecules attached to the top and the bottom of the square using filled lines. Then draw the two chlorine atoms attached to the one side of the square, one using a dashed line (representing going into the plane of the screen) and the other using a wedge (representing coming out of the plane of the screen). This represents the cis isomer where the chlorine atoms are on the same side.
03

Explain reactivity and effectiveness

Transplatin is more reactive due to the position of chloride ions on opposite sides, which facilitates the leaving of chloride ions making the compound more ready for interaction. However, it is less effective at killing cancer cells than cisplatin, because the cis configuration allows cisplatin to form a more effective cross-link within the DNA molecule. The DNA cross-link distorts the DNA structure which triggers the repair mechanism of the cell and can lead to cell death, which is beneficial in cancer treatment.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of these general structures for a complex ion would you expect to exhibit cis and trans isomerism? Explain. (a) tetrahedral (b) square-planar (c) linear

Describe how the crystal field theory explains the fact that so many transition metal compounds are colored.

If \(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C},\) and \(\mathrm{D}\) are four different ligands, (a) how many geometric isomers will be found for square-planar \([\mathrm{PtABCD}]^{2+} ?\) (b) Will tetrahedral \([\mathrm{ZnABCD}]^{2+}\) display optical isomerism?

The number of unpaired electrons in the complex ion \(\left[\operatorname{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}\right]^{2+}\) is (a) \(5 ;(\mathrm{b}) 4 ;(\mathrm{c}) 3 ;(\mathrm{d}) 2 ;(\mathrm{e}) 1\).

A structure that Werner examined as a possible alternative to the octahedron is the trigonal prism. (a) Does this structure predict the correct number of isomers for the complex ion \(\left[\mathrm{CoCl}_{2}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4}\right]^{+} ?\) If not, why not? (b) Does this structure account for optical isomerism in \(\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_{3}\right]^{3+} ?\) Explain.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free