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Chapter 26: Problem 36

Indicate why each of these names is incorrect, and give a correct name. (a) 3 -pentene; (b) pentadiene; (c) 1-propanone; (d) bromopropane; (e) 2,6 -dichlorobenzene; (f) 2 -methyl- 3 -pentyne

Short Answer

Expert verified
Correct names would be (a) Pent-1-ene; (b) Penta-1,4-diene; (c) Propanone; (d) 1-bromopropane or 2-bromopropane; (e) 1,4-Dichlorobenzene; (f) 4-methylpent-2-yne

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Errors in Names

We need to understand how to correctly name a compound in the IUPAC nomenclature system. Then, spot the errors in the given names.
02

Correction of Name for 3-pentene

Correct name should be pent-1-ene (the double bond starts from carbon 1, not 3). When numbering the carbon chain of an alkene, the carbon atoms in the double bond should have the lowest possible numbers.
03

Correction of Name for pentadiene

Correct name should be penta-1,4-diene. In general, for dienes, it is necessary to indicate the position of the double bonds in the carbon chain.
04

Correction of Name for 1-propanone

Correct name would simply be propanone. In general, for Ketones, it is not necessary to specify the location of the carbonyl group, it is assumed to be 1 by default.
05

Correction of Name for bromopropane

Correct name should indicate the position of bromine atom. Therefore, correct name could be 1-bromopropane or 2-bromopropane, depending on the position of bromine.
06

Correction of Name for 2,6 -dichlorobenzene

Correct name should follow the IUPAC numbering rules for disubstituted benzenes. The name should be 1,4-dichlorobenzene as we number the carbon atoms in the ring such that we have the lowest possible numbers for the chlorine atoms.
07

Correction of Name for 2-methyl-3-pentyne

Correct name should be 4-methylpent-2-yne. When numbering the carbon chain of an alkyne, the carbon atoms in the triple bond should also have the lowest possible numbers.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw and name all the isomers of (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{14}\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{6}\). [Hint: Do not forget double bonds, rings, and combinations of these.].

Use the half-reaction method to balance the following redox equations. (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NO}_{2}+\mathrm{Fe}+\mathrm{H}^{+} \longrightarrow\) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}_{3}^{+}+\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}+\mathrm{H}^{+} \longrightarrow\) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}+\mathrm{Cr}^{3+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}+\mathrm{MnO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow\) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHOHCH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{MnO}_{2}+\mathrm{OH}^{-}\).

Draw the structure for each of the following. (a) \((Z)-1,3,5\) -tribromo- 2 -pentene (b) \((E)-1,2\) -dibromo- 3 -methyl- 2 -hexene (c) (S)-1-bromo-1-chlorobutane (d) \((R)-1,3\) -dibromohexane (e) (S)-1-chloro-2-propanol.

The functional groups in each of the following pairs have certain features in common, but what is the essential difference between them? (a) carbonyl and carboxyl (b) aldehyde and ketone (c) acetic acid and acetyl group

Supply condensed or structural formulas for the following substances. (a) 1,5 -cyclooctadiene (an intermediate in the manufacture of resins) (b) 3,7,11 -trimethyl- 2,6,10 -dodecatriene- 1 -ol (farnesol \(-\) odor of lily of the valley) [Hint: Dodeca means \(12 .]\) (c) 2,6 -dimethyl- 5 -hepten- 1 -al (used in the manufacture of perfume).
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