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Chapter 26: Problem 85

Write structural formulas for the following. (a) 2,4 -dimethyl- 1,4 -pentadiene (b) 2,3 -dimethylpentane (c) 1,2,4 -tribromobenzene (d) methylethanoate (e) butanone

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structural formulas for these compounds can be drawn as follows: (a) A five carbon chain with a double bond at the 1st and 4th carbon and a methyl group at the 2nd and 4th carbon. (b) A five carbon chain with methyl branches at the 2nd and 3rd carbon. (c) A benzene ring with bromine atoms at the 1st, 2nd, and 4th positions. (d) A two carbon backbone with a methyl group attached to the carbonyl carbon atom and an oxygen atom joining the carbonyl and methyl groups. (e) A four carbon chain with a carbonyl group at the 2nd carbon position.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying compound (a) 2,4 -dimethyl- 1,4 -pentadiene

Here, pentadiene means a five carbon chain with two double bonds at 1 and 4, and dimethyl indicates two methyl groups at positions 2 and 4. Draw this out on a piece of paper.
02

Identifying compound (b) 2,3 -dimethylpentane

Pentane signifies a five carbon atom chain. The term dimethyl means there are two methyl branches on the carbon chain at the 2nd and 3rd carbon atom. Draw this as specified.
03

Identifying compound (c) 1,2,4 -tribromobenzene

Benzene is a six-carbon ring with alternating double bonds, and tribromo suggests there are three bromine atoms at positions 1, 2, and 4 of the benzene ring. Illustrate this accordingly.
04

Identifying compound (d) methylethanoate

Methylethanoate has a two carbon backbone (ethanoate) with a methyl group (meth-) attached to the carbonyl carbon atom, and an oxygen atom joining the carbonyl and methyl groups. Draw this correctly.
05

Identifying compound (e) butanone

Butanone is an organic compound with a four carbon chain and a carbonyl group at the 2nd carbon position. Draw an illustration as described.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw Newman projections for the staggered and eclipsed conformations of pentane for rotation about the \(\mathrm{C} 2-\mathrm{C} 3\) bond. Which conformation is lowest in energy?

Describe the characteristics of each of the following types of isomers: (a) constitutional; (b) stereoisomer; (c) cis; (d) ortho.

Classify the carbon atoms in (a) methylbutane, and (b) 2,2 -dimethylpropane as methyl, primary \(\left(1^{\circ}\right)\) secondary \(\left(2^{\circ}\right),\) tertiary \(\left(3^{\circ}\right),\) or quaternary \(\left(4^{\circ}\right)\).

Draw Newman projections for the staggered and eclipsed conformations of 2 -methylpentane for rotation about the \(\mathrm{C} 2-\mathrm{C} 3\) bond. Which conformation is lowest in energy?

Give an acceptable name for each of the following structures. (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}\) (b) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) \(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CCH}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (e) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\right) \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right) \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (f) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right) \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right) \mathrm{CCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}\)
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