Explain why Dacron is called a polyester. What is the percent oxygen, by mass, in Dacron?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Dacron is referred to as a polyester because of its molecular structure consisting of repeated esters – carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The percent oxygen by mass in Dacron, also known as Polyethylene Terephthalate, can be calculated using the formula of Dacron and the atomic masses of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Polyesters

Polyesters are polymers formed from the reaction between dicarboxylic acids and diols. The structural formula of these polyesters often involve repeated ester (C=O and O) groups. Dacron, specifically, is a type of polyester famously known as Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). The PET is formed by the condensation of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.
02

Calculating the Molar Mass of Dacron

Determine the molar mass of PET. Using the periodic table, find the atomic masses of the atoms that make up PET: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O). For PET, the formula is \(C_{10}H_{8}O_4\), so the molar mass of PET is calculated as follows: \( mM(PET) = 10*mM(C) + 8*mM(H) + 4*mM(O) \)
03

Calculating the Molar Mass of Oxygen in Dacron

Next, calculate the molar mass contributed by the oxygen atoms alone in the Dacron: \( mM(O in PET) = 4*mM(O) \)
04

Calculating the Oxygen percentage by Mass in Dacron

Finally, to determine the percent oxygen, by mass, in PET, divide the molar mass of Oxygen by that of PET and multiply the result by 100: \( Percent(O) = \frac{mM(O in PET)}{mM(PET)} * 100 \)

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw the structures of the products of each of the following reactions: (a) propene + hydrogen (Pt, heat) (b) 2 -butanol \(+\) heat (in the presence of sulfuric acid)

Identify the nucleophile, electrophile, and leaving group in each of the following substitution reactions. Predict whether equilibrium favors the reactants or products: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{ONa}+\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{I} \rightleftharpoons\) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}+\mathrm{NaI}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{3}^{+}+\mathrm{KI} \rightleftharpoons\) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{I}+\mathrm{K}^{+}\)

Write the formulas of the products expected to form in the following situations. If no reaction occurs, write N.R. (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow\) (b) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HBr}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow\) (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{3}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{3}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow\)

Write the structures of the isomers you would expect to obtain in the mononitration of \(m\) -methoxybenzaldehyde:

The three isomeric tribromobenzenes, I, II, and III, when nitrated, form three, two, and one mononitrotribromobenzenes, respectively. Assign correct structures to I, II, and III.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free