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Chapter 3: Problem 128

Malachite is a common copper-containing mineral with the formula \(\mathrm{CuCO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} .\) (a) What is the mass percent copper in malachite? (b) When malachite is strongly heated, carbon dioxide and water are driven off, yielding copper(II) oxide as the sole product. What mass of copper(II) oxide is produced per kg of malachite?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The mass percent of copper in malachite should be calculated using the molar mass of copper and malachite. And the mass of copper(II) oxide produced per kg of malachite should be calculated from the balanced equation.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate molar mass of malachite

First, the molar mass of malachite needs to be calculated. The molar mass of copper \(Cu\) is approximately 63.55 g/mol, Carbon \(C\) is 12.01 g/mol, Oxygen \(O\) is 16.00 g/mol and Hydrogen \(H\) is 1.01 g/mol. The malachite formula is given as \(\mathrm{CuCO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\), which means that it contains 2 moles of copper, 1 mole of carbon, 4 moles of oxygen and 2 moles of hydrogen. Thus, you can now calculate the total molar mass of malachite.
02

Calculate mass percent of copper in malachite

Next, calculate the mass percent of copper in malachite. You do this by first calculating the total molar mass of copper in the malachite, then dividing it by the total molar mass of malachite and multiplying by 100%.
03

Write out the reaction

Write out the reaction of malachite when heated, in which carbon dioxide and water are lost, leaving only copper(II) oxide. The reaction should be written in a balanced form.
04

Calculate the molar mass of copper(II) oxide

Copper(II) oxide is composed of one mole of copper and one mole of oxygen, calculate its molar mass.
05

Convert mass of malachite to moles

Before you can use the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the mass of copper(II) oxide produced, convert the given mass of malachite (1 kg = 1000 g) to moles.
06

Calculate the mass of copper(II) oxide produced

The stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation tells us how many moles of copper(II) oxide will form from a given amount of malachite moles. Convert the moles of copper(II) oxide to mass using its molar mass.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Assign suitable names to the compounds (a) \(\mathrm{CS}_{2}\) (b) \(\operatorname{SiF}_{4} ;\) (c) \(\operatorname{ClF}_{5} ;\) (d) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5} ;\) (e) \(\mathrm{SF}_{6} ;\) (f) \(\mathrm{I}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{6}\).

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