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Chapter 3: Problem 21
Determine the mass percent \(H\) in the hydrocarbon isooctane, \(\mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2}\)
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In the year 2000 , the Guinness Book of World Records called ethyl mercaptan, \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{S}\), the smelliest substance known. The average person can detect its presence in air at levels as low as \(9 \times 10^{-4} \mu \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{m}^{3} .\) Express the limit of detectability of ethyl mercaptan in parts per billion (ppb). (Note: 1 ppb \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{S}\) means there is \(1 \mathrm{g}\) \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{S}\) per billion grams of air.) The density of air is approximately \(1.2 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{L}\) at room temperature.
The greatest number of \(\mathrm{N}\) atoms is found in (a) \(50.0 \mathrm{g}\) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O} ;\) (b) \(17.0 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{NH}_{3} ;\) (c) \(150 \mathrm{mL}\) of liquid pyridine, \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}(d=0.983 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}) ;\) (d) \(1.0 \mathrm{mol} \mathrm{N}_{2}\)
A \(1.562 \mathrm{g}\) sample of the alcohol \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHOHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) is burned in an excess of oxygen. What masses of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) should be obtained?
To deposit exactly one mole of \(\mathrm{Ag}\) from an aqueous solution containing \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}\) requires a quantity of electricity known as one faraday (F). The electrodeposition requires that each \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}\) ion gain one electron to become an Ag atom. Use appropriate physical constants listed on the inside back cover to obtain a precise value of the Avogadro constant, \(N_{A}\).
Name these compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\); (c) \(\operatorname{Cr} \mathrm{O}_{2} ;\) (d) \(\mathrm{KIO}_{3} ;\) (e) \(\mathrm{LiCN} ;\) (f) \(\mathrm{KIO} ;\) (g) \(\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) (h) \(\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2} ;\) (i) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4} ;\) (j) \(\mathrm{NaHSO}_{4} ;\) (k) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}\); (l) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2} ;(\mathrm{m}) \mathrm{MgC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4} ;\) (n) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\)
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