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Chapter 3: Problem 5

Calculate the total number of (a) atoms in one molecule of trinitrotoluene (TNT), \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{2}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\right)_{3}\) (b) atoms in \(0.00102 \mathrm{mol} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{4} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) (c) \(\mathrm{F}\) atoms in \(1215 \mathrm{mol} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{HBr} \mathrm{ClF}_{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) There are 21 atoms in one molecule of TNT. (b) There are \(1.83 \times 10^{25}\) atoms in 0.00102 mol of \(CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{4} CH_{2}OH. (c) There are \(2.19 \times 10^{27}\) Flourine atoms in 1215 mol of \(C_{2}HBrClF_{3}\).

Step by step solution

01

Count the number of atoms in TNT

The molecule of trinitrotoluene (TNT) is composed as \(CH_{3}C_{6}H_{2}(NO_{2})_{3}\). So, count each of the atoms: for Carbon (C) we have \(3+6\), for Hydrogen (H) we have \(3+2\), for Nitrogen (N) we have \(3\), and for Oxygen (O) we have \(6\). Adding them up, there are 21 atoms in total.
02

Determine the number of atoms in 0.00102mol \(CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{4} CH_{2}OH

The molecule \(CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{4} CH_{2}OH\) has 9 Carbon, 20 Hydrogen, and 1 Oxygen atoms, and so has 9 + 20 + 1 = 30 atoms in its structure. To find the total number of atoms in 0.00102 mol, we multiply this by Avogadro's number: \(0.00102 \times 6.022 \times 10^{23} \times 30\) atoms.
03

Calculate the number of F atoms in 1215 mol \(C_{2}HBrClF_{3}\)

Looking at the molecule \(C_{2}HBrClF_{3}\), it has 3 flourine atoms. Considering that we have 1215 mol of it, and each mole contains Avogadro's number of molecules, we will have \(1215 \times 6.022 \times 10^{23} \times 3\) Flourine atoms.

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