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Chapter 3: Problem 79

Write the condensed structural formulas for the organic compounds: (a) heptane (b) propanoic acid (c) 2-methyl-1-pentanol (d) fluoroethane

Short Answer

Expert verified
The condensed structural formulas are: (a) heptane: \(CH_3(CH_2)_5CH_3\), (b) propanoic acid: \(CH_3CH_2COOH\), (c) 2-methyl-1-pentanol: \(CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3)CH_2CH_2OH\), (d) fluoroethane: \(CH_3CH_2F\)

Step by step solution

01

Write the condensed structural formula for heptane

Heptane is a hydrocarbon with seven carbon atoms and only single bonds. It is an alkane and its general formula is CnH2n+2. So, for heptane (n=7), the condensed structural formula is \(CH_3(CH_2)_5CH_3\).
02

Write the condensed structural formula for propanoic acid

Propanoic acid is a carboxylic acid with three carbon atoms. Carboxylic acids have the general formula \(R-COOH\), where 'R' represents the alkyl or main carbon chain. So, for propanoic acid, the 'R' is a propyl group (\(CH_3CH_2\)), and the condensed structural formula is \(CH_3CH_2COOH\).
03

Write the condensed structural formula for 2-methyl-1-pentanol

2-methyl-1-pentanol is an alcohol. The number before the hyphen signifies the position of the functional group and the number after the hyphen denotes the position of the substituent group. Here, the alcohol group is at position 1 and the methyl group at position 2, on a pentane chain. Thus, the condensed structural formula is \(CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3)CH_2CH_2OH\).
04

Write the condensed structural formula for fluoroethane

Fluoroethane is an organic compound with a fluorine (F) atom attached. As it is based on ethane, it has two carbon atoms, with the fluorine attached at one end. Thus, the condensed structural formula is \(CH_3CH_2F\).

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Briefly describe each of the following ideas or methods: (a) mole of a compound; (b) structural formula; (c) oxidation state; (d) carbon-hydrogen- oxygen determination by combustion analysis.

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