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Chapter 4: Problem 10

Write balanced equations to represent: (a) the reaction of sulfur dioxide gas with oxygen gas to produce sulfur trioxide gas (one of the reactions involved in the industrial preparation of sulfuric acid) (b) the dissolving of limestone (calcium carbonate) in water containing dissolved carbon dioxide to produce calcium hydrogen carbonate (a reaction producing temporary hardness in groundwater) (c) the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen monoxide to form nitrogen gas and water vapor

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced equations are: (a) SO2 + O2 -> 2SO3, (b) CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 -> Ca(HCO3)2, and (c) 2NH3 + 2NO -> N2 + 3H2O.

Step by step solution

01

Balance the equation for the reaction of sulfur dioxide with oxygen

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form sulfur trioxide (SO3). The unbalanced equation is: SO2 + O2 -> SO3. To balance this, recognize that there are three oxygen atoms on the right side, and only two on the left. Therefore, place a 2 in front of the SO3 and place a 2 in front of the O2 as well, yielding the balanced equation of: SO2 + O2 -> 2SO3.
02

Balance the equation for the dissolving of calcium carbonate in water containing dissolved carbon dioxide.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) reacts with water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) to form calcium hydrogen carbonate (Ca(HCO3)2). The unbalanced equation is: CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 -> Ca(HCO3)2. All elements are balanced in this equation, so no further changes are needed.
03

Balance the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen monoxide

Ammonia (NH3) reacts with nitrogen monoxide (NO) to form nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O). The unbalanced equation is: NH3 + NO -> N2 + H2O. To balance this, we can see that there are 3 hydrogen atoms and 1 nitrogen atom in ammonia on the left and 2 nitrogen atoms and 2 atoms of hydrogen in water on the right. By placing a 2 in front of NH3 and a 2 in front of NO, we can balance the nitrogen atoms. This implies 6 hydrogen atoms on the left side, hence a 3 should be placed in front of H2O to balance the hydrogen atoms yielding the balanced equation of: 2NH3 + 2NO -> N2 + 3H2O.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A drop \((0.05 \mathrm{mL})\) of \(12.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) is spread over a sheet of thin aluminum foil. Assume that all the acid reacts with, and thus dissolves through, the foil. What will be the area, in \(\mathrm{cm}^{2}\), of the cylindrical hole produced? (Density of \(\mathrm{Al}=2.70 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3} ;\) foil thickness \(=0.10 \mathrm{mm} .)\) \(2 \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{s})+6 \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\)

How ma475.15 grams \(\mathrm{HCl}\)ny grams of HCl are consumed in the reaction of \(425 \mathrm{g}\) of a mixture containing \(35.2 \% \mathrm{MgCO}_{3}\) and \(64.8 \% \mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2},\) by mass? $$\begin{array}{c} \mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}+2 \mathrm{HCl} \longrightarrow \mathrm{MgCl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \\ \mathrm{MgCO}_{3}+2 \mathrm{HCl} \longrightarrow \mathrm{MgCl}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g}) \end{array}$$

Under appropriate conditions, copper sulfate, potassium chromate, and water react to form a product containing \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+},\) \(\mathrm{CrO}_{4}{^2}{^-},\) and \(\mathrm{OH}^{-}\) ions. Analysis of the compound yields \(48.7 \% \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}, 35.6 \% \mathrm{CrO}_{4}{^2}{-},\) and \(15.7 \% \mathrm{OH}^{-}\). (a) Determine the empirical formula of the compound. (b) Write a plausible equation for the reaction.

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