Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 5: Problem 54

Household ammonia, used as a window cleaner and for other cleaning purposes, is \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) .\) The \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) present in a 5.00 \(\mathrm{mL}\) sample is neutralized by 28.72 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of \(1.021 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\). The net ionic equation for the neutralization is \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})\) What is the molarity of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) in the sample?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The molarity of the \(NH_3\) in the sample is 5.86 M.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the reaction

The given ionic equation represents the reaction between ammonia and hydrochloric acid. In the reaction, one molecule of ammonia reacts with one hydrogen ion to form an ammonium ion. As the stoichiometric coefficient of both reactants is 1, they react in a 1:1 ratio.
02

Determine the number of moles of \(HCl\)

To find the molarity of the \(NH_3\), we first need to determine the number of moles of \(HCl\) used in the reaction. We can use the formula for molarity (M) which is M = n/V, where n is the number of moles and V is the volume in liters. Rearranging the formula, we get n = M * V. Substituting given values, we have n = 1.021 mol/L * 0.02872 L = 0.02932 mol.
03

Determine the molarity of \(NH_3\)

As \(NH_3\) and \(H^+\) react in a 1:1 ratio, the number of moles of \(NH_3\) is the same as \(HCl\), which we calculated in the previous step. Now we can calculate the molarity of \(NH_3\) using the same formula for molarity (M = n/V), but now using the volume of the \(NH_3\) solution. So, M = 0.02932 mol / 0.005 L = 5.86 M. Therefore, the molarity of the \(NH_3\) in the sample is 5.86 M.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Complete each of the following as a net ionic equation. If no reaction occurs, so state. (a) $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}+2 \mathrm{I}^{-}+2 \mathrm{Na}^{+}+\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-} \longrightarrow$ (b) $\mathrm{Ba}^{2+}+\mathrm{S}^{2-}+2 \mathrm{Na}^{+}+\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} \longrightarrow$ (c) $2 \mathrm{K}^{+}+\mathrm{S}^{2-}+\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}+2 \mathrm{Cl}^{-} \longrightarrow$

\(\mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})\) conducts electric current only weakly. The same is true for \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}(\mathrm{aq}) .\) When these solutions are mixed, however, the resulting solution is a good conductor. How do you explain this?

The exact neutralization of \(10.00 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.1012 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\text { aq })\) requires \(23.31 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\). What must be the molarity of the \(\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) ?\) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow\) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(1)\)

Which solutions would you use to precipitate \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) from an aqueous solution of \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2} ?\) Explain your choice. (a) \(\mathrm{KNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq});\) (d) \(\mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})\).

Predict in each case whether a reaction is likely to occur. If so, write a net ionic equation. (a) $\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{CuCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow$ (b) $\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{S}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{FeCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow$ (c) $\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow$
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free