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Chapter 5: Problem 8

Which solution has the greatest \(\left[\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}\right]:\) (a) \(0.075 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} ; \quad\) (b) \(\quad 0.22 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{MgSO}_{4} ; \quad\) (c) \(\quad 0.15 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (d) \(0.080 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3} ;\) (e) \(0.20 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{CuSO}_{4} ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The solution with the greatest \(\left[\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}\right]\) is (d) \(0.080 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\), with a concentration of 0.24 M.

Step by step solution

01

Break down each compound

Each compound breaks down differently to form sulphate ions. For (a) \(H_2SO_4\) breaks down to form 1 sulphate ion, (b) \(MgSO_4\) forms 1 sulphate ion, (c) \(Na_2SO_4\) results in 1 sulphate ion, (d) \(Al_2(SO_4)_3\) provides 3 sulphate ions, and (e) \(CuSO_4\) forms 1 sulphate ion.
02

Calculate the molarity of sulphate ions

Molarity of sulphate ions for each compound will be: (a) 0.075 M - the same as the given solution, (b) 0.22 M - also the same, (c) 0.15 M - no change from the provided concentration, (d) 3*0.080 M = 0.24 M - due to the three available sulphate ions, and (e) 0.20 M - same as the solution's concentration.
03

Compare molarity of sulphate ions

Comparing the molarity of sulphate ions we have calculated, the solution with the greatest concentration of sulphate ions is (d) \(0.080 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\), with a sulphate ion concentration of 0.24 M.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Balance these equations for disproportionation reactions. (a) $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{g}) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cl}^{-}+\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}$ (basic solution) (b) $\mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{2-} \longrightarrow \mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}^{2-}+\mathrm{HSO}_{3}^{-}$ (acidic solution)

Write a balanced equation for the redox reactions. (a) The reaction of aluminum metal with hydroiodic acid. (b) The reduction of vanadyl ion ( \(\mathrm{VO}^{2+}\) ) to vanadic ion \(\left(\mathrm{V}^{3+}\right)\) in acidic solution with zinc metal as the reducing agent. (c) The oxidation of methanol by chlorate ion in acidic solution, producing carbon dioxide gas, water, and chlorine dioxide gas as products.

Predict in each case whether a reaction is likely to occur. If so, write a net ionic equation. (a) $\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{CuCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow$ (b) $\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{S}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{FeCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow$ (c) $\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow$

The electrolyte in a lead storage battery must have a concentration between 4.8 and \(5.3 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) if the battery is to be most effective. A \(5.00 \mathrm{mL}\) sample of a battery acid requires \(49.74 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.935 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\) for its complete reaction (neutralization). Does the concentration of the battery acid fall within the desired range? [Hint: Keep in mind that the \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) produces two \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) ions per formula unit.]

In your own words, define or explain the terms or symbols \((\mathrm{a}) \rightleftharpoons(\mathrm{b})[] ;(\mathrm{c})\) spectator ion; (d) weak acid.
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