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Chapter 6: Problem 29
\(\mathrm{Kr}(\mathrm{g})\) in a 18.5 L cylinder exerts a pressure of \(11.2 \mathrm{atm}\) at \(28.2^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .\) How many grams of gas are present?
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A 0.168 L sample of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) is collected over water at \(26^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and a barometric pressure of \(737 \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}\). In the gas that is collected, what is the percent water vapor (a) by volume; (b) by number of molecules; (c) by mass? (Vapor pressure of water at \(26^{\circ} \mathrm{C}=25.2 \mathrm{mmHg}\).)
A sample of \(\mathrm{N}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) effuses through a tiny hole in \(38 \mathrm{s}\) What must be the molar mass of a gas that requires \(64 \mathrm{s}\) to effuse under identical conditions?
The amount of ozone, \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\), in a mixture of gases can be determined by passing the mixture through a solution of excess potassium iodide, KI. Ozone reacts with the iodide ion as follows: $$\begin{aligned} \mathrm{O}_{3}(\mathrm{g})+3 \mathrm{I}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(1) & \longrightarrow \\ \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{I}_{3}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) &+2 \mathrm{OH}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) \end{aligned}$$ The amount of \(I_{3}^{-}\) produced is determined by titrating with thiosulfate ion, \(\mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}^{2-}:\) $$\mathrm{I}_{3}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}^{2-}(\mathrm{aq}) \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm{I}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{S}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{6}^{2-}(\mathrm{aq})$$ A mixture of gases occupies a volume of \(53.2 \mathrm{L}\) at \(18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(0.993 \mathrm{atm} .\) The mixture is passed slowly through a solution containing an excess of KI to ensure that all the ozone reacts. The resulting solution requires \(26.2 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.1359 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) to titrate to the end point. Calculate the mole fraction of ozone in the original mixture.
Consider the statements (a) to (e) below. Assume that \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) behave ideally. State whether each of the following statements is true or false. For each false statement, explain how you would change it to make it a true statement. (a) Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, the average kinetic energy of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) molecules is less than that of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) molecules. (b) Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) molecules move faster, on average, than \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) molecules. (c) The volume of \(1.00 \mathrm{mol}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) at \(25.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) 1.00 atm is \(22.4 \mathrm{L}\) (d) The volume of \(2.0 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\) is equal to the volume of \(32.0 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g}),\) at the same temperature and pressure. (e) In a mixture of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) gases, with partial pressures \(P_{\mathrm{H}_{2}}\) and \(P_{\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\prime}}\) respectively, the total pressure is the larger of \(P_{\mathrm{H}_{2}}\) and \(P_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\).
What is the mass of argon gas in a \(75.0 \mathrm{mL}\) volume at STP?
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