Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 9: Problem 25

How much energy, in kilojoules, is required to remove all the third-shell electrons in a mole of gaseous silicon atoms?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The amount of energy required to remove all third-shell electrons in a mole of gaseous silicon atoms is approximately 9.9413 kJ.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Silicon's Atomic Structure

Silicon is the 14th element in the periodic table, meaning it has 14 electrons. The electronic configuration of silicon is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^2\). Therefore, it has 4 electrons in the third shell (n=3).
02

Calculate Energy for One Atom

The ionization energies for the third-shell electrons in silicon are as follows: \(E_1 = 8.1517 eV\), \(E_2 = 16.3455 eV\), \(E_3 = 33.4920 eV\), and \(E_4 = 45.1418 eV\). The energy required to remove all third shell electrons from one silicon atom would be the sum of these ionization energies, which equals \(103.130 eV\). This is in electron volts (eV), so converting to joules (J), we have \(1 eV = 1.602 \times 10^{-19} J\), therefore, the total energy required is \(103.130 eV \times 1.602 \times 10^{-19} J eV^{-1} \approx 1.65 \times 10^{-17} J\).
03

Calculate Energy for a Mole of Atoms

This was just for a single atom. We are asked to find the energy requirement for a mole of silicon atoms. Avogadro’s number tells us that \(1 mole = 6.022 \times 10^{23}\) particles, therefore, the energy required to remove all third shell electrons from a mole of silicon atoms is \(1.65 \times 10^{-17} J \times 6.022 \times 10^{23} mole^{-1} = 9941.3 J/mole = 9.9413 kJ/mole\).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Answer each of the following questions: (a) Which of the elements \(P, A s,\) and \(S\) has the largest atomic radius? (b) Which of the following has the smallest radius: \(\mathrm{Xe}, \mathrm{O}^{2-}, \mathrm{N}^{3-},\) or \(\mathrm{F}^{-} ?\) (c) Which should have the largest difference between the first and second ionization energy: \(\mathrm{Al}, \mathrm{Si}, \mathrm{P},\) or \(\mathrm{Cl} ?\) (d) Which has the largest ionization energy: \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{Si}\), or \(\mathrm{Sn}\) ? (e) Which has the largest electron affinity: \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{B}\) \(\mathrm{Al},\) or \(\mathrm{C} ?\)

Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing metallic character: $\mathrm{Sc}, \mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Rb}, \mathrm{Br}, \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Ca}, \mathrm{F}, \mathrm{Te}.$

In estimating the boiling point and melting point of bromine in Example \(9-5,\) could we have used Celsius or Fahrenheit instead of Kelvin temperature? Explain.

For the atom \(^{119} \mathrm{Sn}\), indicate the number of (a) protons in the nucleus; (b) neutrons in the nucleus; (c) \(4 d\) electrons; (d) 3s electrons; (e) 5 \(p\) electrons; (f) electrons in the valence shell.

The following melting points are in degrees Celsius. Show that melting point is a periodic property of these elements: $\mathrm{Al}, 660 ; \mathrm{Ar},-189 ; \mathrm{Be}, 1278 ; \mathrm{B}, 2300 ; \mathrm{C}$ $3350 ; \mathrm{Cl},-101 ; \mathrm{F},-220 ; \mathrm{Li}, 179 ; \mathrm{Mg}, 651 ; \mathrm{Ne},-249 ; \mathrm{N}$ $-210 ; \mathrm{O},-218 ; \mathrm{P}, 590 ; \mathrm{Si}, 1410 ; \mathrm{Na}, 98 ; \mathrm{S}, 119.$
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free