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Chapter 1: Problem 35

How many minutes does it take light from the sun to reach Earth? (The distance from the sun to Earth is 93 million mi; the speed of light \(=3.00 \times\) \(\left.10^{8} \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s} .\right)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Approximately 8 minutes and 20 seconds. Further accuracy would depend on precise calculations and rounding off.

Step by step solution

01

Convert Distance to Meters

First, it is necessary to convert the distance between the Earth and the Sun from miles to meters because the speed of light is given in meters per second. As 1 miles is equivalent to approximately 1609.34 meters, therefore our conversion would be: \(93,000,000 \, mi = 93,000,000 \times 1609.34 \, m \).
02

Calculate Time

Next, divide the converted distance by the speed of light to get the time in seconds. The formula of time (\(t\)) is given as: \(t = \frac{distance}{speed}\), substituting the known values, the calculation would be: \(t = \frac{93,000,000 \times 1609.34 \, m}{3.00 \times 10^{8} \, m/s}\)
03

Convert Time to Minutes

In the previous step, the time is calculated in seconds, to convert this into minutes use the fact that 1 minute equals 60 seconds. Hence, divide the calculated time by 60: \(t_{minutes} = \frac{t_{seconds}}{60}\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In the determination of the density of a rectangular metal bar, a student made the following measurements: length, \(8.53 \mathrm{~cm}\); width, \(2.4 \mathrm{~cm}\); height, \(1.0 \mathrm{~cm}\); mass, 52.7064 g. Calculate the density of the metal to the correct number of significant figures.

The total volume of seawater is \(1.5 \times 10^{21} \mathrm{~L}\). Assume that seawater contains 3.1 percent sodium chloride by mass and that its density is \(1.03 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}\). Calculate the total mass of sodium chloride in kilograms and in tons. \((1\) ton \(=2000 \mathrm{lb} ; 1 \mathrm{lb}=453.6 \mathrm{~g} .)\).

This procedure was carried out to determine the volume of a flask. The flask was weighed dry and then filled with water. If the masses of the empty flask and the filled flask were \(56.12 \mathrm{~g}\) and \(87.39 \mathrm{~g},\) respectively, and the density of water is \(0.9976 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3},\) calculate the volume of the flask in cubic centimeters.

What is the number of significant figures in each of these measured quantities? (a) 4867 miles, (b) \(56 \mathrm{~mL}\) (c) 60,104 tons, (d) \(2900 \mathrm{~g}\).

Define density. What units do chemists normally use for density? Is density an intensive or extensive property?
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