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Chapter 1: Problem 41

Which of these describe physical and which describe chemical properties? (a) Iron has a tendency to rust. (b) Rainwater in industrialized regions tends to be acidic. (c) Hemoglobin molecules have a red color. (d) When a glass of water is left out in the sun, the water gradually disappears. (e) Carbon dioxide in air is converted to more complex molecules by plants during photosynthesis.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Chemical property, (b) Chemical property, (c) Physical property, (d) Physical property, (e) Chemical property

Step by step solution

01

Analyze statement A

(a) Iron has a tendency to rust. This describes a chemical property, as the iron reacts with oxygen in the air to form a new substance, namely rust. The process of rusting involves a change in the chemical composition of the iron.
02

Analyze statement B

(b) Rainwater in industrialized regions tends to be acidic. This again represents a chemical property, as acidity indicates the presence of excess H+ ions which is a sign of chemical change.
03

Analyze statement C

(c) Hemoglobin molecules have a red color. This is a physical property. The color of a substance can be determined without inducing any chemical change in it.
04

Analyze statement D

(d) When a glass of water is left out in the sun, the water gradually disappears. This describes a physical process. When water evaporates, it changes from a liquid to a gas, but it still remains water. It's a physical change - no new substance is formed.
05

Analyze statement E

(e) Carbon dioxide in air is converted to more complex molecules by plants during photosynthesis. This is a chemical property as photosynthesis is a chemical reaction of converting carbon dioxide into sugars by plants.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Carry out these operations as if they were calculations of experimental results, and express each answer in the correct units and with the correct number of significant figures: (a) \(5.6792 \mathrm{~m}+0.6 \mathrm{~m}+4.33 \mathrm{~m}\) (b) \(3.70 \mathrm{~g}-2.9133 \mathrm{~g}\) (c) \(4.51 \mathrm{~cm} \times 3.6666 \mathrm{~cm}\) (d) \(\left(3 \times 10^{4} \mathrm{~g}+6.827 \mathrm{~g}\right) /\left(0.043 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}-0.021 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}\right)\)

A resting adult requires about \(240 \mathrm{~mL}\) of pure oxygen/min and breathes about 12 times every minute. If inhaled air contains 20 percent oxygen by volume and exhaled air 16 percent, what is the volume of air per breath? (Assume that the volume of inhaled air is equal to that of exhaled air.)

(a) Normally the human body can endure a temperature of \(105^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\) for only short periods of time without permanent damage to the brain and other vital organs. What is this temperature in degrees Celsius? (b) Ethylene glycol is a liquid organic compound that is used as an antifreeze in car radiators. It freezes at \(-11.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate its freezing temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. (c) The temperature on the surface of the sun is about \(6300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). What is this temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? (d) The ignition temperature of paper is \(451^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\). What is the temperature in degrees Celsius?

The thin outer layer of Earth, called the crust, contains only 0.50 percent of Earth's total mass and yet is the source of almost all the elements (the atmosphere provides elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and a few other gases). Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in Earth's crust (27.2 percent by mass). Calculate the mass of silicon in kilograms in Earth's crust. (The mass of Earth is \(5.9 \times 10^{21}\) tons. 1 ton \(=2000 \mathrm{lb}\); \(1 \mathrm{lb}=453.6 \mathrm{~g} .)\)

Carry out these operations as if they were calculations of experimental results, and express each answer in the correct units and with the correct number of significant figures: (a) \(7.310 \mathrm{~km} \div 5.70 \mathrm{~km}\) (b) \(\left(3.26 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{mg}\right)-\left(7.88 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{mg}\right)\) (c) \(\left(4.02 \times 10^{6} \mathrm{dm}\right)+\left(7.74 \times 10^{7} \mathrm{dm}\right)\) (d) \((7.8 \mathrm{~m}-0.34 \mathrm{~m}) /(1.15 \mathrm{~s}+0.82 \mathrm{~s})\)
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