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Chapter 11: Problem 14

Draw all possible isomers for the molecule \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{Br}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The molecule C3H5Br has three isomers: (i) 1-bromo-2-propene (ii) 2-bromo-propene (iii) 3-bromo-prop-1-ene

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Atomic Composition

The molecular formula provided is C3H5Br, which reveals that the molecule contains three carbon (C) atoms, five hydrogen (H) atoms, and one bromide (Br) atom.
02

Draw Possible Structures

Knowing the atomic composition, the task is now to connect these atoms in different ways adhering to the rules of chemical bonding. For C3H5Br, there are three possible isomers: (i) 1-bromo-2-propene, where the Br atom is attached to the first carbon in a chain of three carbons with a double bond between second and third carbon. (ii) 2-bromo-propene, where the Br atom is attached to the second carbon in a chain of three carbons with the double bond at the end of the chain, between first and second carbons. (iii) The third isomer, 3-bromo-prop-1-ene, has three carbons in a row with a carbon-carbon double bond at the beginning of the chain and the Br atom is on the last carbon in the chain.
03

Naming the Structures

Naming the structures using the IUPAC nomenclature will confirm the validity of their structures. The isomers are named as: (i) 1-bromo-2-propene (ii) 2-bromo-propene (iii) 3-bromo-prop-1-ene.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Octane number is assigned to gasoline to indicate the tendency of "knocking" in the automobile's engine. The higher the octane number, the more smoothly the fuel will burn without knocking. Branched-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons have higher octane numbers than straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons have the highest octane numbers. (a) Arrange these compounds in the order of decreasing octane numbers: \(2,2,4-\) trimethylpentane, toluene (methylbenzene), \(n\) -heptane, and 2 -methylhexane. (b) Oil refineries carry out catalytic reforming in which a straight-chain hydrocarbon, in the presence of a catalyst, is converted to an aromatic molecule and a useful by-product. Write an equation for the conversion from \(n\) -heptane to toluene. (c) Until 2000 , tert-butylmethyl ether had been widely used as an antiknocking agent to enhance the octane number of gasoline. Write the structural formula of the compound.

How many liters of air \(\left(78\right.\) percent \(\mathrm{N}_{2}, 22\) percent \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) by volume) at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1.00 \mathrm{~atm}\) are needed for the complete combustion of \(1.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of octane, \(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}\) a typical gasoline component that has a density of \(0.70 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL} ?\)

The combustion of \(3.795 \mathrm{mg}\) of liquid \(\mathrm{B}\), which contains only \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H},\) and \(\mathrm{O},\) with excess oxygen gave 9.708 \(\mathrm{mg}\) of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(3.969 \mathrm{mg}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). In a molar mass determination, \(0.205 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{B}\) vaporized at \(1.00 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(200.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and occupied a volume of \(89.8 \mathrm{~mL}\). Derive the empirical formula, molar mass, and molecular formula of \(\mathrm{B}\) and draw three plausible structures.

Amines are Bronsted bases. The unpleasant smell of fish is due to the presence of certain amines. Explain why cooks often add lemon juice to suppress the odor of fish (in addition to enhancing the flavor).

Use ethane as an example to explain the meaning of conformations. What are Newman projections? How do the conformations of a molecule differ from structural isomers?
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