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Chapter 11: Problem 42

Identify the functional groups in each of these molecules: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Molecule (a) has one carbonyl functional group, molecule (b) has one ester functional group and molecule (c) has one ether functional group.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying functional groups in molecule (a)

Looking at the molecule (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\), it can be seen that \(\mathrm{CO}\) is present in the middle. This \(\mathrm{CO}\) is a carbonyl group, a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: (\(\mathrm{C=O}\)). Therefore, molecule (a) has one carbonyl functional group.
02

Identifying functional groups in molecule (b)

Now consider the molecule (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\). This molecule contains \(\mathrm{COO}\), which indicates the presence of an ester functional group (\(\mathrm{R-COO-R'}\)). So, molecule (b) has one ester functional group.
03

Identifying functional groups in molecule (c)

Lastly, let's look at molecule (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\). This molecule has an \(\mathrm{O}\) atom in the middle which is a part of an ether functional group (\(\mathrm{R-O-R'}\)). So, molecule (c) contains one ether functional group.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The combustion of \(3.795 \mathrm{mg}\) of liquid \(\mathrm{B}\), which contains only \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H},\) and \(\mathrm{O},\) with excess oxygen gave 9.708 \(\mathrm{mg}\) of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(3.969 \mathrm{mg}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). In a molar mass determination, \(0.205 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{B}\) vaporized at \(1.00 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(200.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and occupied a volume of \(89.8 \mathrm{~mL}\). Derive the empirical formula, molar mass, and molecular formula of \(\mathrm{B}\) and draw three plausible structures.

Which of these amino acids are chiral: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{2}\right) \mathrm{COOH}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{2}\right) \mathrm{COOH}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{2}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{2}\right) \mathrm{COOH} ?\)

Predict products when \(\mathrm{HBr}\) is added to (a) 1 -butene and (b) 2 -butene.

Use ethane as an example to explain the meaning of conformations. What are Newman projections? How do the conformations of a molecule differ from structural isomers?

The compound \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) is hydrogenated to an alkene using platinum as the catalyst. If the product is the pure cis isomer, what can you deduce about the mechanism?
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