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Chapter 11: Problem 52

State at least one commercial use for each of the following compounds: (a) 2-propanol, (b) acetic acid, (c) naphthalene, (d) methanol, (e) ethanol, (f) ethylene glycol, (g) methane, (h) ethylene.

Short Answer

Expert verified
2-propanol is used in cleaning agents and hand sanitizers, acetic acid is used in food industries notably for vinegar production. Naphthalene is found in mothballs, methanol is used in antifreeze and as fuel for racing cars. Ethanol is used in alcoholic beverages, as a biofuel and in hand sanitizers. Ethylene glycol is used in antifreeze and in manufacturing polyester fibers. Methane is used for generating electricity and as a heating fuel. Finally, ethylene is used to ripen fruits and in the production of common plastic, polyethylene.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the use of 2-propanol

2-propanol, also known as Isopropyl alcohol, is commonly used as a solvent or cleaning agent in many industries. Besides, it is a main component in hand sanitizers.
02

Identifying the use of acetic acid

Acetic acid is an important product in the food industry. It is commonly used in the production of vinegar.
03

Identifying the use of naphthalene

Naphthalene is commonly used in the production of mothballs, due to its insect repellent properties.
04

Identifying the use of methanol

Methanol is commonly used as an antifreeze in pipelines and windshield washer fluid. It is also used as a fuel in racing cars.
05

Identifying the use of ethanol

Ethanol is commonly used in alcoholic beverages. It is also used as a biofuel and as an antiseptic in hand sanitizers.
06

Identifying the use of ethylene glycol

Ethylene glycol is commonly used as an antifreeze in heating and cooling units. It can also be used in manufacturing polyester fibers.
07

Identifying the use of methane

Methane is the main component of natural gas, which is used to generate electricity and as a fuel source.
08

Identifying the use of ethylene

Ethylene is commonly used in the agriculture industry as it helps to ripen fruits. It is also used in the production of polyethylene, a common plastic.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw Newman projections of the staggered and eclipsed conformations of propane. Rank them in stability.

2-Butanone can be reduced to 2 -butanol by reagents such as lithium aluminum hydride \(\left(\mathrm{LiAlH}_{4}\right)\). (a) Write the formula of the product. Is it chiral? (b) In reality, the product does not exhibit optical activity. Explain.

Draw the Lewis structure for each of these functional groups: alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, amine.

The compound \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) is hydrogenated to an alkene using platinum as the catalyst. If the product is the pure cis isomer, what can you deduce about the mechanism?

The combustion of \(3.795 \mathrm{mg}\) of liquid \(\mathrm{B}\), which contains only \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H},\) and \(\mathrm{O},\) with excess oxygen gave 9.708 \(\mathrm{mg}\) of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(3.969 \mathrm{mg}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). In a molar mass determination, \(0.205 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{B}\) vaporized at \(1.00 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(200.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and occupied a volume of \(89.8 \mathrm{~mL}\). Derive the empirical formula, molar mass, and molecular formula of \(\mathrm{B}\) and draw three plausible structures.
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