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Chapter 13: Problem 14

Calculate the amount of water (in grams) that must be added to (a) \(5.00 \mathrm{~g}\) of urea \(\left[\left(\mathrm{NH}_{2}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}\right]\) in the preparation of a 16.2 percent by mass solution and (b) \(26.2 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) in the preparation of a 1.5 percent by mass solution.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The amount of water that must be added to the urea and magnesium chloride to prepare the solutions is \(25.86 \, g\) and \(1720.47 \, g\), respectively.

Step by step solution

01

Calculation for urea solution

First express the mass percent equation: \[ mass\% = \frac{mass \, of \, solute}{mass \, of \, solution} \times 100\% \]\nSubstitute the given values into the equation: \(16.2% = \frac{5.00 \, g}{mass \, of \, solution}\) and solve for the mass of solution.\nThe mass of solution is therefore \( \frac{5.00 \, g}{0.162} = 30.86 \, g\)
02

Mass of water for urea solution

Now, find the mass of water needed by subtracting the mass of solute (urea) from the mass of the solution.\nMass of water = mass of solution - mass of solute = \(30.86 \, g - 5.00 \, g = 25.86 \, g\)
03

Calculation for magnesium chloride solution

Apply the same process for the magnesium chloride solution. Substituting the given values into the equation: \(1.5% = \frac{26.2 \, g}{mass \, of \, solution}\), we get that the mass of solution is, therefore, \(\frac{26.2 \, g}{0.015} = 1746.67 \, g\)
04

Mass of water for magnesium chloride solution

Calculate the mass of water needed by subtracting the mass of solute (magnesium chloride) from the mass of the solution. Therefore, the mass of water = mass of solution - mass of solute = \(1746.67 \, g - 26.2 \, g = 1720.47 \, g\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Before a carbonated beverage bottle is sealed, it is pressurized with a mixture of air and carbon dioxide. (a) Explain the effervescence that occurs when the cap of the bottle is removed. (b) What causes the fog to form near the mouth of the bottle right after the cap is removed?

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